冠醚萃取法从高放废液中去除锶─—工艺流程的研究  

REMOVAL OF STRONTIUM FROM HIGH-LEVEL RADIOACTIVE WASTE BY CROWN-ETHER EXTRACTION

作　　者：何龙海[1] 翁锡 杨大助[1] 焦荣洲[1] 宋崇立[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能技术设计研究院

出　　处：《核科学与工程》1995年第3期259-264,共6页Nuclear Science and Engineering

摘　　要：报道了用二环己基１８冠６（ＤＣ１８Ｃ６）－正辛醇萃取法从模拟高放废液中去除锶的研究。从高放废液中去除半衰期较长的９０Ｓｒ，对于高放废液安全处置有着重要意义。系统地研究了ＤＣ１８Ｃ６－正辛醇对Ｓｒ２＋以及废液中其它阳离子Ｎａ＋、Ｋ＋、Ｃｓ＋、Ｎｉ２＋、Ｆｅ３＋、Ａｌ３＋、Ｍｏ（Ⅵ）的萃取性能。结果表明，ＤＣ１８Ｃ６对Ｓｒ２＋有着良好的萃取选择性，除Ｋ＋和Ｍｏ（Ⅵ）等个别离子外，其它阳离子几乎都不被萃取。在此基础上，建立了用ＤＣ１８Ｃ６－正辛醇从高放浓缩废液中去除锶的工艺流程，并进行了模拟料液的串级实验。经过三级萃取，一级洗涤，四级反萃后，锶的去除率接近９９％，产品中锶的重量百分比为７６％（原始料液中为０．６％）。该流程具有简单、高去除率、高选择性、适用料液酸度范围较宽等优点，可望用于从我国高放浓缩废液中去除或回收锶。The removal of strontium from high-level radioactive waste(HLW)by the extraction withdicyclohexano-18-crown-6(DC18C6) in n-octanol has been investigated.The distributioncoefficients of Sr2+and other ions Na+,K+,Cs+,Ni2+,Fe3+,Al3+,Cr3+,and Mo(Ⅵ)inDC18C6-1-octanol-HNO3 were deteimined.The influence of the major cation ions(Na+,Ni2+,Cr3+,Fe3+,Al3+)on the extraction of Sr2+ by DC18C6 in 1-octanol was studied.Theresults show that DC18C6 has a high selectivity of the extraction for Sr. The most cation ions inthe waste solution are not extractable,except for K+and Mo(Ⅵ).A new process for the removalof Sr from acidic high-level radioactive waste was developed and batch countercurrent extractionexperiments with synthetic HLW solution were carried out.Through the process with three ex-traction stages,one scrub stage and four strip stages,99 % of Sr in the feed were removed.Thepercentage in weight of Sr in the products was 76%,while that in the original feed was 0.6%.This process can be used for t he removal or recovery of Sr from HLW.

关 键 词：高放废液 锶 正辛醇 冠醚萃取法 放射性废液 

分 类 号：TL940.1[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]