西双版纳桑寄生植物的繁殖  

THE PROPAGATION OF LORANTHACEAE FROM XISHUANGBANNA

作　　者：肖来云[1] 普正和[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园

出　　处：《云南植物研究》1989年第2期175-180,共6页Acta Botanica Yunnanica

摘　　要：桑寄生植物的种子无休眠期,在果实内可以发芽。月平均温度15—26℃,相对湿度78—88％时,种子在多种死、活物体上均能发芽,总平均发芽率87.3％;极大多数种子在室温18—32℃时、2—8天发芽,发芽率97.3％;冰箱内温度4—5℃时,10—31天发芽,发芽率78％,但发芽种子移室温下不再继续生长。去果肉的种子发芽时间短,发芽率比带果肉的种子高。室内弱光照下的种子发芽率比不见光的高。桑寄生的幼苗只能在其寄主树上生长成株,完成生命周期。人工栽培必须用新鲜果实内的种子,在适宜的温湿度和光照下,播种在其寄主树的小枝上。从播种至开花结果约需1.5—3年。Seeds of parasites of Loranthaeeae have no dormant period. They ean germinate within fruit, but their germinating vigour are affected greatly. The effect varies with time length and species of the parasites. Pulp has some impact on its seed germination. Gemination rate as well as cotyledons and leaves appearing rate of seeds without pulp are higher than those of seeds with pulp. Germination and cotyledons appearing rate of seed in the dark is lower than those oi seeds illuminated, and seedlings of the former are yellowing, spindling, and not well. Seeds reguire high temperatures to germinate, ft lakes 2 -8 days to begin germinating and germination rate is 93.6% at room temperature (18-32℃) .While at lower temperatures ( 4-5℃), 10-31 days are needed to start germinating, and germination rate only 78% . And the seeds of one or two species even can not germinate. Lower temperatures produce great impact on the vigour of germinating seeds. When moved from lower temperature to room temperature, most of seeds are died in a short time, Under suitable condition of temperature, humidity and light, seeds of the parasites can germinate on every kind of living or dead bodies or substances without any man-made substratum. Their total average rate of germination is as high as 87.3%, and hostoroa, cotyledons and leaves can be formed. It is short from sowing to germinaring. To most of seeds, it is within one week. These features are closely related with the plump endosperm, abundant nourishment stored in seed. Glutinous substances covering seeds, which prohibits water loss, green seeds undertaking photosynthesis while germinating, seeds without dormant period and mature embryo germinating within a short time also have closely relations to seed germination and seedling growth. The parasites can be generated artificially. However, in order to propagate succefully, the seeds should be obtained from fresh fruit and sowed on the small branches of hosts uudcs favourable circumstances of temperature, humid

关 键 词：桑寄生植物 繁殖 种子 

分 类 号：Q949.741.5[生物学—植物学]