棉花751与多父本杂交受精细胞学研究及性状分析  

STUDIES ON FERTILlZATION CYTOLOGY OF HYBYDAYION BETWEEN COTTON 751 AND MULTIPLE PATERNAL PLANTS AND ANANYZATIONS OF GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS

作　　者：徐卫辉[1] 邓国础[1] 李乐攻[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南省生物研究所

出　　处：《激光生物学》1995年第4期751-757,共7页Acta Laser Biology Sinica

摘　　要：本文报导了以棉花７５１为母本与鸡脚叶棉、乌干达棉、红叶棉、汉寿大桃、草棉等５个父本的混合花粉进行杂交。授粉后，观察了７５１大小孢子和雌雄配子体的发生、发育及其受精过程。切片观察表明在大小孢子的发生、发育与花蕾大小成正相关。大小孢子的发生在减数分裂前是不同步的，小孢子的发生早于大孢子发生１～２个时期。减数分裂后它们的发育逐渐趋向同步。开花时达到同步成熟。用多父本的混合花粉授粉，其受精过程仍为单精入卵。根据叶生长发育过程中早期出现鸡脚叶型性状，并由鸡脚叶逐渐转化为披针窄叶的特点，以及染色体观察，初步分析其受精过程可能是鸡脚叶的花粉亲和性高并最先进入胚囊，完成受精作用。其杂交后代经多代选育而成的Ａ型棉具有披针窄叶、棉铃外露、桃大铃重、现蕾早、分枝角度小等优良生物学性状。并从叶的形态演变过程再次表明个体发育是系统发育的重演。本文还对受精及其辐射性状等问题进行了分析。This paper reported that the developmentof microspores and rnegaspores had pos-tive correlation with the size of albastrum. The development of microspores and megasporeswas not synchrous. The genesis of microspores was 1-2 stages earlier than that of megas-pors. The development stages of microspores and megaspores were gradually synchorous af-ter mitosis. Observations showed that only single sperm entered the egg cell in the processpollination of mixed pollens. This paper also discussed the genetic characteristics of A typecotton of the hybrid species;

关 键 词：棉花 杂交 受精 性状分析 细胞学 

分 类 号：S562.035.1[农业科学—作物学]