茭白植株分蘖消长若干规律的研究  

Changes in Tillering of wild Rice (Zizania caduciflora)

作　　者：林孟勇 江冬青 卢双威 

机构地区：[1]浙江省农业科学院园艺研究所 [2]宁波市江北区农林水利局 [3]杭州市蔬菜试验站

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》1989年第2期61-65,共5页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

摘　　要：本项工作分别在杭州与宁波进行,以无锡中介茭为材料,通过定点取样调查和小区试验,观察研究茭白株丛的分蘖消长规律。结果表明,中介茭栽植的第1年有2个分蘖期和2个分蘖高峰,全期分蘖消长曲线呈双峰驼背型。结菱的成株均来自基本苗及第1期发生的分蘖,但成株率仅50～70％。不能成株的分蘖在株丛生长发育过程中,萎缩消退。第2期分蘖的发生,虽在第1期分蘖苗生长为成株后开始。但在群体条件下,早期分蘖发生较少,且多会枯死;拨节孕茭时,停止发生;在秋茭采后,则继续发生大量分蘖。而其他一些双季茭品种,在秋茭采后一般不会继续发生分蘖。早栽的第1期分蘖发生早而多,成株也多。密植的第1期分蘖期短,分蘖少,其中丛栽基本苗多,每丛成株数也多些。缩小从距,每丛成株少,但单位面积上的成株数较多。改善早期营养供应状况,可显著提高成株率。Field experiments and observations were conducted with a testing variety of wild rice 'Wuxi ZhongjieJiao' to study tillering changes to understand its tillering nature for high yielding. Results of the studies indicated that there were two tillering periods with corresponding peaks in the first-year growing crop of variety, 'Zhongjie Jiao' wild rice. Its productive shoots with only 50-70％ of total tillers developed form the transplanted plants and from the tillers in the first tillering period. Those tillers that did not develop productive shoots were withered in the course of growth and development. As the effective tillers of the first of the first tillering period became productive shoots, the second tillering began. Tillers developed earlier were eventually fewer and mostly dead under population conditions. Tillering ceased at shooting anti abundant tillers developed after autumn harveting. Tillering of other varieties in double cropping system was not seen after autumn harvessting.The earlier for the transplanting of wild rice, the more tillers developed at the first tillering stage, with the conseqence of higher number of productive shoots. Close planting reduced tillering period with fewer tillers. More transplanted seedlings per hill resulted in higher productive shoots. Therefore close transplanting produces more productive shoots by reducing the numbers of effective plants per hill. Meanwhile the rate of effective tillers could significantlybe increased if plant nutrition is improved in early growth stages.

关 键 词：茭白 植株 分蘖规律 中介茭 

分 类 号：S645.201[农业科学—蔬菜学]