蝶蛹金小蜂寄生对菜粉蝶和玉带凤蝶蛹血细胞数量和组成的影响  

Changes of total number and composition of hemocytes from Pieris rapae and Papilio polytes after parasitism by Pteromalus puparum ( Hymenoptera- Pteromalidae)

作　　者：张忠[1] 叶恭银[1] 王洪祥 蔡峻[1] 胡萃[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学应用昆虫学研究所,杭州310029 [2]浙江柑桔研究所,黄岩318020

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2005年第2期158-162,共5页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30170626);浙江省青年科技人才培养基金项目(R30348)

摘　　要：以血球计数板较系统地考查了菜粉蝶和柑桔凤蝶雌雄蛹被蝶蛹金小蜂寄生后浆血细胞和颗粒血细胞数量的时间动态变化,以明确该蜂寄生对其寄主血细胞数量和组成的影响。结果表明,菜粉蝶蛹被寄生后,其血细胞总数除寄生后2天外均极显著高于同期未寄生蛹,最多的约高出20倍;除被寄生后0.5和5天的寄生蛹的血细胞组成与同期未寄生蛹无显著差异外,寄生后1～4天雌雄寄生蛹的浆血细胞所占比例均显著低于同期未寄生蛹,而颗粒血细胞所占比例则反之。玉带凤蝶寄生蛹的血细胞总数在寄生后0.5～3天与同期未寄生蛹相比均无显著差异,但寄生后4～5天却显著升高,最多的约高出3倍;寄生后0.5～5天的寄生蛹浆血细胞所占比例均显著低于同期未寄生蛹,而颗粒血细胞所占比例恰反之。可见,该蜂寄生在一定时间内不仅能引起其两种寄主血细胞总数和颗粒血细胞所占比例明显增高,而且能导致浆血细胞所占比例明显下降。The number changes of plasmatocytes and granular cells in both female and male pupae of Pieris rapae （Lepidoptera： Pieridae） and Papilio polytes （Lepidoptera： Papilionidae） at different times after parasitism by Pteromalus puparum （ Hymenoptera ： Pteromalidae） were measured using a neubauer hemocytometer so as to define effects of the parasitism by this parasitoid on the hemocyte population of its two hosts. By comparison with unparasitized pupae, the parasitism by this parasitoid resulted in a significant increase with the maximum of about 20 times in the total number of hemocytes in P. rapae except parasitized pupae on the 2nd day post parasitization. No marked difference in the percentage of both plasmatocytes and granular cells between P. rapae pupae parasitized for 0.5 and 5 days and their corresponding control pupae was found. From first to fifth day after parasitism, the percentage of plasmatocytes significantly decrease, conversely, the proportion of granular cells increased. In contrast, the total number of hemocytes in P. polytes pupae from haft a day to third day after parasitism did not displayed apparent changes by comparison with unparasitized pupae, while appeared a marked increase with the maximum of about 3 times. As to the percentage of plasmatocytes and granular cells in P. polytes pupae from half a day to fifth day after parasitism, the former showed significantly decreased and the latter increased. The results concluded that the parasitism by this parasitoid for a defined period could result in not only a noticeable increase in total hemocyte number and the percentage of granular cells in its two hosts tested, but also a marked decrease in the proportion of plasmatocytes.

关 键 词：蝶蛹金小蜂 寄生 菜粉蝶 玉带凤蝶 蛹 血细胞数量 浆血细胞 颗粒血细胞 

分 类 号：S476.3[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]