社会、市场、价值观：整体变迁的征兆——从职业评价与择业取向看中国社会结构  

Society, Market and Values: Signs of the whole change—Second research on changes in Chinese social structure as seen from occupational prestige and job preferences

作　　者：许欣欣[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院社会学研究所

出　　处：《社会学研究》2005年第4期82-119,共38页Sociological Studies

摘　　要：文章以全国3183名城乡居民抽样调查样本数据为基础,通过与以前所做相关调查进行比较,作者发现,人们职业评价和未来择业取向的变化以及实际的流动状况揭示出中国社会结构深层的变动趋势。首先,精英阶层的分化以及进入精英阶层渠道的增加开始引发中国社会关系的根本改变和社会结构的重组。第二,社会流动机会结构的根本性变化导致了人们市场取向的日益增强,越来越多的人开始将企业家作为其社会成就的指示器。第三,价值观的改变引发了中国人整体人格提升的开始。种种迹象显示,历经20多年的改革开放,中国已由发端时的单方面经济体制变迁时期进入了一个经济、社会、文化价值观全方位整体变迁的时期。The paper reports ratings of occupational prestige and job preferences by rural and urban Chinese residents. Using a representative sample (N=3183) aged above 18 and comparing with the former research, the author found that ratings of occupational prestige, job preferences and real mobility situations by Chinese residents reflected the deep changing process of Chinese social structure. First, the differentiation of elite stratification leads to the change in Chinese social relations and the reorganization of social structure. Second, changes in the opportunity structure of social mobility lead to stronger market preference increasingly. There are more and more people take entrepreneurs as an indicator of success. Thirdly, changes in cultural values are changing the whole Chinese social personality. All signs show that China has from a period of single economic change entered into a period of the whole change.

关 键 词：价值观 精英阶层 职业评价 择业取向 中国 社会结构 

分 类 号：C913.2[经济管理]