套袋苹果黑点病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性研究  

Studies on the Identification of Pathogen and the Biological Characteristics of Blackdot Disease of Bagged Apple

作　　者：郭云忠[1] 孙广宇[1] 高保卫[1] 李春游 张沛力 雷新乐 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植保资源与病虫害治理教育部重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]周至县植保植检站,陕西周至710400 [3]陕西秦丰杂交玉米种子有限公司,陕西西安710016 [4]渭南市植保植检站,陕西渭南714000

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2005年第3期18-21,共4页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：杨凌农业科技开发基金项目(项目编号:2000J~25)

摘　　要：通过对陕西苹果产区套袋红富士、秦冠10批次200个斑点类病果635个病斑的分离鉴定表明:套袋苹果黑点病是由粉红聚端孢(Trictothecum roseum Link)和点枝顶孢(Acremonium stictum Link)共同引起的真菌病害.这二种半知菌在PDA培养基上生长良好,生长适宜温度,粉红聚端孢菌为25℃,点枝顶孢菌为27℃;分生孢子适宜萌发温度,二者均为25～30℃;在pH4～8范围内,菌丝生长良好,生长适宜pH值,粉红聚端孢菌为5～6,点枝顶孢菌为4～5;二种病菌对单糖、双糖和多糖都能利用,粉红聚端孢菌对碳素的利用以可溶性淀粉为佳,而点枝顶孢菌则以蔗糖为佳;对氮素的利用,二者均以蛋白胨为佳,NaNO3次之.This study dealt with the isolating and identification of the pathogen in the 635 diseased spots of 200 bagged apples from Shaanxi. Results showed that the disease was caused by Trictothecum roseum Link and Acremonium stictum Link. The biological characters of their mycelial growth and conidial germination are first reported in this paper. The better medium for fungal growth was PDA.The optimum temperature for hyphal growth was 25 C for T. roseum, 27℃ for A. stictum. The optimum temperature for conidial germination were all 25-30℃. The optimum pH values of mycelial growth was 5-6 for T. roseum, 4-5 for A. stictum. The pathogens could use many carbohydrates and nitrogen sources, but the best carbon sources was soluble starch for T. roseum, sucrose for A.stictum, and the best nitrogen sources were all peptone for them.

关 键 词：套袋苹果 黑点病害 症状 病原 生物学特性 

分 类 号：S436.611.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]