农药残留及其纳米颗粒的毒性问题  

Toxicity Problems of Pesticide Residues and Their Nanoparticles

作　　者：伍一军[1] 陈瑞[1,2] 刘承芸[1,2] 李薇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所分子毒理学实验室农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100039

出　　处：《农药》2005年第8期370-371,381,共3页Agrochemicals

基　　金：留学回国人员科研启动基金(A1702037);农业虫害鼠害综合治理研究国家重点实验室开放基金(A5203074);中国科学院知识创新工程重大项目(KSCX1-SW-13-02-04)

摘　　要：简述了农药施用后在环境中的残留及相应的毒性问题。在常用农药剂型中,有些农药的颗粒非常细小,甚至达到纳米水平,而纳米颗粒则具有独特的理化性质,但农药颗粒的纳米效应对植物病虫草害的作用未引起足够的重视,这方面的研究尚属空白。现今,随着加工技术的发展,新的农药剂型不断问世,商业化“纳米农药”即将进入市场,然而,纳米农药能否大幅度提高药效以及是否真正绿色环保尚需严格的试验验证;相反,纳米农药由于其超细颗粒可能具有的纳米毒性继而引发新的环境污染问题却令人担忧。This paper briefly discusses residues left in the environment following pesticide application and corresponding toxicity problems. Some pesticide formulations contain very tiny particles, with some in the nanometerrange, and these nanometer particles have unique chemical and physical characteristics. However, the effects of pesticide nanoparticles on control of weeds as well as crop pests and diseases have not received adequate attention and no research has yet been conducted. With the current state of the art of pesticide formulation technology, new formulations are continually being released and nanoparticle pesticides are on the verge of being marketed. However,the efficacy of these products and their environmental safety has not been rigorously investigated. On the contrary,due to potential nanotoxicity caused by their ultrafine particle size, nanoparticle pesticides may cause a great deal of concern as environmental pollutants.

关 键 词：农药 纳米颗粒 生物效应 毒性 

分 类 号：TQ450.2[化学工程—农药化工]