二元单体在棉纤维上的γ辐射接枝  

Radiation Grafting of Binary Monomers onto Cotton Cellulose

作　　者：闫宇[1] 伊敏[1] 彭金粉[1] 翟茂林[1] 哈鸿飞[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学化学与分子工程学院,北京100871

出　　处：《化学学报》2005年第15期1444-1448,共5页Acta Chimica Sinica

基　　金：IAEA/RCA(RAS/8/096)资助项目.

摘　　要：在氮气气氛下用γ射线辐照的方法在棉纤维上接枝苯乙烯/马来酸酐、苯乙烯/甲基丙烯酸二甲胺乙酯、苯乙烯/ 醋酸乙烯酯二元单体.研究了溶液中单体的浓度和二元单体的摩尔比等条件对接枝率的影响,并探讨了两种单体的竞聚率对接枝率、接枝膜的组成及性能的影响.结果表明决定二元接枝生成物结构比例的是二元单体的比例及其竞聚率. 接枝产物的红外、热重分析进一步佐证了竞聚率对不同二元单体体系接枝生成物结构的影响.X射线衍射结果表明棉纤维素上接枝不同的二元单体后均引起结晶度的下降,而且结晶度随接枝率的增加而降低,证明二元接枝反应是从纤维素无定型区通过第三相向结晶区逐步扩展的.Radiation-induced grafting of binary vinyl monomers of styrene （St）/maleic anhydride （MAn）,St/dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate （DMAEMA） and St/vinyl acetate （VAc） onto cotton cellulose was carried out by γ-radiation from a ^60Co source at room temperature under nitrogen. The effect of the concentration of initial comonomer, the molar ratio of both monomers in the grafting solution, etc., on the grafting yield was investigated, and the effects of the reactivity ratio of two monomers on the grafting yield, the composition and characteristic of the grafted copolymers were discussed. The results suggested that the decisive factor of the composition of the grafted copolymers was the reactivity ratio and the molar ratio of two monomers, which was testified further by the analyses of the IR and TGA. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the crystallinity was reduced with the increase of the grafting yield, which proved that the grafting of binary comonomers onto cotton cellulose extended from the third phase to the crystallized region.

关 键 词：氮气 棉纤维 苯乙烯 马来酸酐 甲基丙烯酸二甲胺乙酯 醋酸乙烯酯 竞聚率 二元单体 辐射接枝 高分子材料 

分 类 号：TQ340.65[化学工程—化纤工业]