农用稀土喷施对作业环境及作业人群健康影响  

Effects of rare earth elements on working environment and health of sparaying operators for agricultural use

作　　者：刘中韬 刘小真[2] 肖经和 李智民[2] 张凯琳[2] 

机构地区：[1]江西省卫生监督所,南昌330046 [2]江西省劳动卫生职业病防治研究所

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2005年第8期922-923,共2页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39869003)

摘　　要：目的探讨农用稀土喷施对作业环境及作业人群健康的影响。方法选择江西省赣南丘陵地带某远离稀土矿区的果园作为模拟现场,随机选择30名本果园的作业人员,用农用稀土对果树进行喷施(稀土浓度0·5g/kg);采用喷施前后自身对照方法,采集作业环境样品,对作业人群进行作业前后的健康检查。样本稀土含量用美国产电感耦合等离子体质谱仪(ICP-MS)检测。结果研究现场自然环境稀土暴露水平为:土壤(316·78±74·63)μg/g,空气(51·33±29·93)ng/m3,水0·0011μg/g,植被(21·13±10·49)μg/g。人体血稀土含量为(1·89±0·57)ng/ml。喷施农用稀土后24h土壤、1及24h空气无稀土残留。8h作业后,人体血稀土含量为(2·7038±0·7303)ng/ml,农用稀土对作业人群呼吸道粘膜有一定刺激作用,能使咽部及鼻腔充血。结论低浓度农用稀土喷施对作业人群会产生一定的生物学作用,对机体未造成明显的损害,但应引起注意。Objective To explore the effects of rare earth elements （REEs） in agricultural use on working environment and health of spraying operators. Methods An orchard far from rare earths mine in the hilly land of south China was selected to carry out monitoring the levels of exposed rare earths in surroundings sprayed with agricultural-use rare earths at the concentration of 0.5g/kg. 30 operators in the orchard were chosen at random to perform investigations and were examined with self-contrasts between before and after their spraying work. The samples＇ REEs were determined by inductively coupled plasma source mass pectrometry （ICP-MS）. Results Rare earths levels in the natural surroundings in the non-rare-earth-mine hilly land in south China were as follows ： （316.78±74.63）μg/g in soil, （51.33±29.93 ）ng/m^3 in air, 0.0011μg/g in water and （21.13±10.49）μg/g in vegetation. The content of rare earths in blood of human body was （1.89±0.57）ng/ml. During spraying operation for 8h, the content of rare earths taken in through respiratory tract was （5713. 5063±786.7403）ng,and at this time, the blood rare earths content was （2.7038±0.7303）ng/ml. There were no residual rare earths after spraying 24h in soil, 1h and 24 h in air. Argricultural-use rare earths had certain effects on the mucous membrane in the respiratory tract of the operators, which caused congestion in the throat and nasal cavity. Conclusion The agricultural-use rare earths at lower concentration would produce a certain biololgical response, which should be pay more attention in the future study.

关 键 词：稀土 喷旅 环境卫生 健康影响 

分 类 号：R134[医药卫生—劳动卫生]