地铁站火灾烟气三维动态场模拟  

A Three Dimensional Dynamic Field Simulation of Smoke in Subway Station Fire

作　　者：李兆文[1] 何嘉鹏[1] 陈忠信[2] 季俊贤[2] 唐晓亮[2] 

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学城市建设与安全环境学院 [2]江苏省公安厅消防局

出　　处：《中国安全科学学报》2005年第7期52-54,共3页China Safety Science Journal

基　　金：江苏省社会发展项目(BS2003031)。

摘　　要：由于城市地铁的建设在我国迅速发展,地铁站的火灾防范和安全疏散成为一个重要的研究课题。为了探讨地铁站火灾烟气的发展流动规律,笔者根据我国大多数现有地铁站的建筑结构模式建立了双层地铁车站的物理模型,并采用CFD的方法完成了火灾烟流三维动态的场模拟。在模拟中采用Rosseland辐射模型,将火源设定为放热量随时间变化的热源。计算结果表明在没有机械通风的情况下,烟气6分钟就将充满整个地铁站,人员难以在规范要求的时间内安全疏散。该研究成果可以为地铁站火灾发生时人员的安全疏散及烟气的控制提供一定的理论基础。Because of rapid development of suway in China, fire prevention and safe evacuation in subway station become an inportant research topic. In order to investigate the rule of smoke development and movement, a physical model of a two-layer subway station is established in the text based on most subway station in China . A three dimensional dynamic field simulation of smoke movement is accomplished through CFD, in ,which the Rosseland radiation model is adopted. The fire source is set as one the exothermic of which is changing with time. The results indicate that the subway station would fill of smoke in six minutes without mechanical ventilation and passengers could not be safely evacuated within the time limit, This study provides theoretical basis for smoke control and passenger evacuation during the fire of a subway station.

关 键 词：地铁站 火灾烟气 三维动态场模拟 火灾防范 安全疏散 物理模型 

分 类 号：U231.96[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程]