长江口外高桥新港区岸段河槽冲淤GIS分析  

A Study of Erosion-Siltation in the Reach of Waigaoqiao New Harbor,South Channel,Yangtze Estuary,Based on GIS Techniques

作　　者：李鹏[1] 杨世伦[1] 杜景龙[1] 张文祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学河口海岸国家重点实验室,上海200062

出　　处：《地理与地理信息科学》2005年第4期24-27,共4页Geography and Geo-Information Science

基　　金：国家"973"重大基础性研究项目(2002CB412407);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40076027)

摘　　要：该文利用1984-2004年4幅长江口外高桥新港区岸段的海图资料,采用GIS进行处理,在Surfer 8.0中进行插值,建立不同时期此岸段的水下数字高程模型,并定量计算新港区河槽的冲淤变化.结果表明:1)1984-1997年河槽整体淤积,河床共淤高0.41 m;1998年和1999年的长江大洪水使1997-2000年河床整体淤高0.44 m,年淤积速率是1984-1997年的4.5倍.两个时期的淤积部位主要发生在南港主槽距离南岸1～1.5 km的范围内.2)2000-2004年河槽转为冲刷,平均刷深了0.24 m;可能是码头建设的滞水作用,南岸仍处于淤积状态,年淤积速率达12 cm.外高桥岸段河槽冲淤复杂多变,今后应加强监测.Supported by GIS, four topographic maps from 1984 to 2004 were analyzed to study the erosion and siltation in the reach of the new harbor of Waigaoqiao. Interpolating in Surfer 8.0, underwater digital elevation model of this region was created and the author calculated the erosion and siltation of the new harbor reach. The results showed： There was a heavy erosion - accretion variation in this reach in recent 20 a. A total of 0.51×10^8 m^3 of sediment was deposited in the region, and the river bed accreted averagely 0.61 m from 1984 to 2004. The main passage of the south channel became wider and shallower. From 1984 to 1997 ,a net siltation rate was 3.2 cm/a. From 1997 to 2000,the siltation rate increased to 14.6 cm/a almost 4.5 times of 1984—1997,which was mostly attributed to the Yangtze floods in 1998 and 1999. During 1984—2000,most of the siltation occurred within a zone of 1.0 to 1.5 km in width adjacent to the southern part of the new harbor reach. From 2000 to 2004, a net erosion rate of 6 cm/a was found in the whole reach, however in the southern part adjacent to the harbor siltation was maintained. This was probably due to the influence of the harbor construction during the period.

关 键 词：长江口 新港区 河段 冲淤变化 GIS 

分 类 号：P208[天文地球—地图制图学与地理信息工程] TV148.1[天文地球—测绘科学与技术]