北疆棉花膜下滴灌耗水规律的研究  

Study on the regular pattern of water consumption of cotton under film mutch with drip irrigation in North Xinjiang

作　　者：郭金强[1] 危常州[1] 侯振安[1] 李俊华[1] 王娟[1] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学新疆兵团绿洲生态农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832003

出　　处：《新疆农业科学》2005年第4期205-209,共5页Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：农业部948重大国际合作项目(2003-Z53)兵团科技项目(GKB03SDXGJ27DX)

摘　　要：在3种灌溉量(2850、3900、4950m3/hm2)下研究了棉花膜下滴灌各生育期的耗水量与耗水强度。结果表明棉花的耗水量随着灌量的增加而增大,在北疆滴灌棉花适宜的灌溉量为3900m3/hm2,棉花最大蒸散量出现在花铃期,其中开花-吐絮期,耗水量240.96mm,最大耗水时段为现蕾-吐絮,日均耗水量3.29-4.15mm。棉花根系主要吸水层在0-60cm土壤深度,高灌溉量棉花的吸水强度在0-40cm大于低灌溉量,而在40-60cm恰恰相反。高灌溉量下棉花蕾期以前的土壤蒸发强度增大,干物质生产能力并没有相应增加,适当调节蕾期以前的灌溉量可以提高水分的利用效率。A 3 leveled field experiment was carried out to explore evapotranspimtion of cotton crop cultivated by drop irrigation and film mulch. Results showed that the trend of evapotranspimtion enhanced with increasing in irrigation rote, optimal irrigation rote is 3 900 m3/hrna in North Xinjiang . Maximum evapotranspimtion is in anthesis stage, from flowering to boll opening the evapotranspimtion is 240.96 mm and the maximums water consumption periods is from squaring to boll opening with daily water consumption capacity 3.29 - 4.15 mm, The depth of roots suction moisture is 40 to 60 cm. Higher irrigation made the evapotranspimtion ratio of bare soil increased. It is suggested reducing irrigation quota before squaring be helpful to improve water use efficiency.

关 键 词：棉花 膜下滴灌 耗水规律 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学] S275.6