异源细胞质小麦D^2-鉴26的耐盐特征及其遗传基础(英文)  

Genetic Basis and Characterization of Salt Tolerance in Alloplasmic Wheat D^2-'Jian 26'

作　　者：刘春光[1] 侯宁[1] 刘立科[1] 刘根齐[1] 吴郁文[1] 张翠兰[1] 张炎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所植物细胞与染色体工程国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《作物学报》2005年第8期1007-1013,共7页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：SupportedbyChineseNationalNaturalScienceFoundation(30370880),National863Program(2002AA207004)andCASProgram(KSCX2-SW-304).

摘　　要：以核亲本品种鉴26和耐盐品种科遗26为对照,设计3种NaCl浓度(85.56mmol/L,171.04mmol/L,256.67mmol/L)处理及无盐对照,研究了异源细胞质小麦D2-鉴26苗期的生长发育和生理生化特征。结果表明,D2型细胞质对核基因型鉴26存在明显的耐盐性遗传效应,效应值的大小因性状而异,核基因型鉴26与科遗26之间也存在差异;盐胁迫下,D2型细胞质能有效降低核基因型鉴26的生长受抑程度,提高其叶片相对含水量RWC,减轻其细胞质膜损伤度和增强对K+的选择性吸收能力,改变叶片功能蛋白的表达。这些研究结果表明,D2型细胞质是小麦耐盐育种的有用资源;异质系D2-鉴26是一个新的耐盐种质材料,其生长发育和渗透调节等相关耐盐特征可以作为D2型细胞质小麦遗传育种耐盐选择的有用指标;D2型细胞质小麦耐盐相关机制的阐明与利用也必将丰富小麦耐盐育种途径。Mloplasmic wheat D^2-‘Jian 26’ , euplasmic wheat ‘Jian 26＇ and salt-tolerant control cultivar ‘Keyi 26＇ were evaluated in developmental and physiological traits at seedling stage under four levels of NaCl （0 mmol/L, 85.56 mmol/L，171.04 mmol/L, 256.67 mmol/L）. Significant genetic effects of D^2-type cytoplasm on salt tolerance and genotypic differences in salt tolerance were observed. A clear improvement in terms of the developmental and physiological behaviours of D^2-‘ Jian 26＇ and‘ Jian 26＇ was demonstrated for alloplasmic line D^2-‘ Jian 26’ . In view of its better salt-tolerance compared with ‘Keyi 26＇ and ‘Jian 26’, D^2-‘ Jian 26＇ could be used as a new salt-tolerant germplasm. Under the low or medium salt-concentration, more root branching, large SK, Na（uptake） and Sk, Na（transport）, and good properties of leaf （relatively higher RWC and relatively lower cell-membrane damage and relatively higher chlorophyll content） were the potential usefulness as a salinity stress avoidance mechanism, suggesting that these parameters in stress conditions would be the more reliable selection criteria for salt tolerance in alloplasmic wheat. D^2-type cytoplasm would be very useful for wheat breeding of salt tolerance.

关 键 词：小麦 粗厚山羊草细胞质(D^2型) 细胞质遗传效应 耐盐性 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]