烧伤重症监护病房细菌学调查及其药物敏感性分析  

Bacteriological surveillance in a burn intensive care unit and the analysis of bacterial resistance to antibiotics

作　　者：陈蕾[1] 邓诗琳[1] 梁建伟[1] 张艳红[2] 刘金伟[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津市第四医院天津市烧伤研究所 [2]天津市第四医院检验科

出　　处：《中华烧伤杂志》2005年第4期270-272,共3页Chinese Journal of Burns

摘　　要：目的调查笔者单位烧伤重症监护病房(ICU)6年来细菌感染及其药物敏感性动态变化。方法对1998—2003年笔者单位烧伤ICU209例患者的细菌培养及药物敏感试验结果进行回顾性分析。结果209例患者标本检出感染菌株845株,其中革兰阴性(G-)菌486株占57.51%,革兰阳性(G+)菌339株占40.12%。G-菌中铜绿假单胞菌占66.26%,位居第一;G+菌中粪肠球菌占34.51%、金黄色葡萄球菌占31.27%,耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)在金黄色葡萄球菌中的分离率为72.64%。药物敏感试验结果显示各检出菌具有多重耐药性。结论笔者单位烧伤ICU细菌感染以G-菌为主,G+菌次之;这些细菌对临床常用抗生素具有多重耐药性。临床应重视细菌的药物敏感性,合理使用抗生素。Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of the bacterial flora in our burn intensive care unit （ICU） in the past 6 years, and to analyze resistance of bacteria to various antibiotics. MethodsA retrospective analysis of bacterial culture and drug - sensitivity results from 209 patients in our burn intensive care unit during a period of 1998 to 2003 was carried out. Results Eight hundred and forty-five strains of bacteria were isolated from 209 specimens, among which 486 strains were gram negative （ G^- ）（57.51% ） , and 339 were gram positive （G^＋ ） （40. 12% ）. Among all the G^＋ bacteria, Enterococcus faecalis accounted for 34.51% , Staphylococcus aureus accounted for 31.27% , and 72.64% of Staphylococcus aureus strains were MRSA . Pseudomonus aeruginosa was predominant among all G^- bacteria, and it accounted for 66.26% of the latter. All the bacteria isolated showed multiple resistance to antibiotics. Conclusion G^ - bacilli were still predominant in our burn intensive care unit. The isolated bacteria exhibited multiple resistance to antibiotics. The results imply that antibiotics should be administered rationally in the burn wards guided by the bacterial resistance test.

关 键 词：烧伤 重症监护病房 细菌学 药物敏感性 ICU 抗药性 

分 类 号：R644[医药卫生—外科学]