优质香稻主要害虫及捕食性天敌群落的结构和动态  

Community Structure and Population Dynamics of Major Insect Pests and Predaceous Arthropods in Four High-Quality Rice Varieties in China

作　　者：彭传华[1] 刘华林 邓干生 雷朝亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学昆虫资源研究所 [2]湖北省孝感市植物保护站,孝感432100 [3]湖北省农业技术推广总站,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2005年第4期343-347,共5页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：湖北省自然科学基金项目(2003AA209B01)资助

摘　　要：通过田间调查,并以优质常规稻鄂中5号和杂交稻两优培九作为对照,对鄂香1号和武香988主要害虫及捕食性节肢动物群落的结构和动态进行了研究。结果表明,优质香稻品种间主要害虫及捕食性节肢动物的组成基本相同,不同物种种群数量在不同品种间无显著性差异。总的来看,主要害虫及捕食性节肢动物种群数量和丰度武香988最高,两优培九最低;除鄂香1号外,不同品种样田的群落结构参数变化基本一致,多样性指数和均匀度逐渐降低,而优势度升高,鄂香1号在水稻生育的后期多样性指数和均匀度显示出升高而优势度显示出下降的趋势。群落结构的稳定次序依次是鄂香1号、两优培九、鄂中5号和武香988。Although rice breeding improved rice quality over the last years, a new challenge in rice pest management has been developed due to changes in rice vegetation, growth period, and cultivation techniques. In this study, insect pest community characteristics was investifated in four different highquality rice varieties, including. Exiangyihao, Wuxiang 988, Ezhongwuhao and Liangyoupeijiu（control）. This approach aims to facilitate the development of the IPM program for high-quality rice. The results showed that composition of major insect pests and predacious arthropods are similar across all four varieties. The main insect pests were species of Nilaparvata lugens Stal,Sogatella furcifera Horvath,and Cnaphalocrocis rnedinalis Guenee while other predatory arthropods were identified; including members of the families Lycosidae, Araneidae, Theridiidae, Salticidae, Tetragnathidae, Erigonidae, and Coccinellida. Based on values obtained by the use of an ecological dominant character index, the dominant pest populations were congregated in Wuxiang 988 and Ezhongwuhao varieties, but they were homogeneously distributed for Exia,ngyihao. However, dominant predacious arthropod populations were congregated for all three rice varieties. Furthermore, the relative abundance of insect pest sub-communities was significantly greater than that of predacious arthropod sub-communities and thus the ecological characteristics of whole community was dominated by insect pest sub-community. N. lugens was the most dominant species within insect pest sub-community（70. 79%～83.36%） while taxa within the family Lycosidae dominated （33.15%～-43. 62%） in the predatory sub-community. In conclusion, not significant differences were found in insect pest population densities among all three rice varieties. This shows that insect pest preference was the same across all rice varieties. Therefore, further investigation is needed to improve plant protection due to pest damage.

关 键 词：优质稻品种 害虫 天敌 动态 捕食性节肢动物群落 结构 

分 类 号：S435.112[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476[农业科学—植物保护]