水稻灌浆过程中小穗轴结构的变化  

STRUCTURE OF RACHILLA AND ITS CHANGES DURING THE MILKING IN RICE

作　　者：王忠[1] 顾蕴洁[1] 李卫芳[1] 朱云 高煜珠[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏农学院农学系

出　　处：《江苏农学院学报》1995年第2期21-29,共9页Jiangsu Agricultural Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;江苏省自然科学基金

摘　　要：用光学显微镜和电子显微镜观察了水稻在籽粒灌浆过程中小穗轴的结构变化，用ＴＴＣ染色法鉴定了小穗轴与颖果中脱氢酶的活性。主要结果如下：（１）开花后小穗轴中厚壁细胞内的质体积累淀粉，其后随胚乳中淀粉的积累，质体中淀粉消失，另外厚壁细胞的次生壁随开花后天数的增加不断地增厚。而未灌浆的空粒，开花后厚壁细胞不积累淀粉，次生壁也不增厚。（２）小穗轴中央维管束的活性与灌浆速率有关，活性高时灌浆速率快。小穗轴一黄化，灌浆就趋向停止。（３）灌浆物质进入颖果的途径是：小穗轴中央维管束→子房背部维管束→珠心突起→珠心层质外体→胚乳。The changes of rachilla structure in rice were observed with microsocope and electron micro-scope. The dehyrogenatse activity of the rachilla and caryopsis were determined by TTC staining method dur-ing the rice milking. The main results were as follows:(1)The plastid of thick一walled cells in rachilla accu mulated starch after flowering,then the starch in plastid disapeared as the endersperm accumulated starch,and the secondary wall grew thicker as day goes on after flowering.While in the empty grain without milk-ing,the thick一walled cells accumulated starch and the secondary wall didn′t grow thick after flowering.2)The activity of the center vascular in rachilla were related to the milking rate。 When the activity was high,the milking rate was fast and the milking tended to stop as soon as the rachilla grew yellow. (3)The way ofthe milking materials entering into caryoplqis was:center vascular of rachilla→vaLseular of ovary back→nucel-lar projection→necellus layer apoplast→endosperm.

关 键 词：水稻 小穗轴 结构 灌浆 

分 类 号：S511.101[农业科学—作物学]