渗灌设备的研制与应用试验  

Development and application of seeping irrigation equipment

作　　者：杜鸣銮[1] 张铭玉 单光大 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学农学院,沈阳110161 [2]沈阳新阳机器制造公司,沈阳110034 [3]政协沈阳市委员会,沈阳110014

出　　处：《中国农业大学学报》2005年第4期119-123,共5页Journal of China Agricultural University

基　　金：沈阳市科学技术委员会资助项目(1995-1997年)

摘　　要：本文记录了1995—1997年的渗灌研究示范工作。为了开发更加节水节约成本的农田灌溉方法,参照国内外渗灌经验,笔者在当时国内首次合作研制激光打孔的渗灌软管(单层聚乙烯管材,激光打孔孔径可达0.1～0.15mm,均匀微孔)并设计组装了渗灌系统;本试验用直径25mm渗灌管,渗孔直径0.12mm,工作压力0.05MPa,在蔬菜日光温室进行小面积实验表明:采用渗灌方法降低了番茄晚疫病发病率,为沟灌对照的20%,延长了采摘期12d,增产24.3%;还促进了绿菜花提早成蕾;渗灌比沟灌对照节水73%。The study was done in the period of 1995 - 1997, Considering the experience of using seeping irrigation technology in China and other foreign countries, the author reequipped mechanical equipment and developed seeping irrigation tubes. Aiming at improvement of water saving and cost saving irrigation methods in agricultural production, a seeping irrigation system was developed by using this specific kind of tubes. The experiment in vegetable production was carried out in sunshine greenhouse by using seeping irrigation system. Tubes were made by using a single layer of polyethylene materials, With polyethylene materials, micro holes with a bore diameter of 0.1 - 0.15 mm were made by using laser technology and were evenly distributed, An effective seeping irrigation system was developed by using key technology of stable pressure of water sources. In greenhouse production, the experiment of using tubes with seeping hole diameter of 0.12 mm indicated that in respect of tomato production, its disease rate （tomato late blight） is reduced and harvesting time is delayed for 20 days and yield in production is increased by 24.3 % ; in respect of broccoli production, its budding time is getting earlier. The seeping irrigation system is characterized by water saving, labor saving and high efficiency. The experiment in small-sized tomato greenhouse production showed that compared with furrow irrigation, seeping irrigation could save water by 73%, The experiment in orchard production showed that compared with flood irrigation, seeping irrigation could save water by 70% ; fruit production increase by 50% ; fruit quality go up 1-2 grade and farmer＇s net income be doubled,

关 键 词：渗灌 激光打孔 日光温室 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程]