水稻群体叶色的光谱诊断及其在高产栽培中的应用基础  

Spectral Diagnosis of Rice Canopy Leaf Colors and Its Possible Application in High Yielding Cultivation

作　　者：陈玉泉[1] 王延颐[1] 孙玲[1] 刘羽[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院现代化研究所

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》1995年第2期6-10,共5页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：把ＥＸＯＴＥＣＨ１００ＢＸ光谱辐射计和Ｐｏｌｙｃｏｒｄｅｒ高速数字记录仪联用，通过对晚稻品种武育粳２号无肥处理本田期的光谱监测，冠层叶色显示出“三黑三黄”的变化节奏。三黑出现的时间是：移栽至分蘖末期，枝梗分化期至颖花分化期，减数分裂期至始穗期；三黄出现的时间是：分蘖末期至枝便分化期，颖花分化期至减数分裂期，始穗至灌浆期。当水稻冠层叶包由黄逐渐变黑时，栽培上应提供充足的氮素，例如水层灌溉，适当追施氮肥等，满足群体氮素代谢对养分的需要。当叶色由黑逐渐褪淡时，应控制群体对氮素的吸收，例如落干，适当搁田等，促使叶片内碳水化合物向茎、鞘或籽粒中的转运。只有使肥水管理措施与水稻冠层的叶色变化节奏有机地统一起来，才能节约农本，夺取高产。Three blacks and three yellows: in rice canopy leaf colors was the experience of visual diagnosis presented by Chen Yong Kang, a famous model farmer in China, to manipulate the growth and development of the rice plant for higher yields, i. e, in the rice growing period,the canopy leaf colors should be managed to shift three times from dark green to greenish yellow. The present study aimed to monitor the changes in the canopy leaf colors of the late Japonica rice cultivar Wuyujing No. 2 and to test Chen's experiences by using the radiometer Exotech 100BX and the high speed recorder colycorder. No fertilizers were applied during the growing period. The 'black-yellow' changes were found to be really existing. The three blacks occurred from transplantation to the end of the tillering stage, from cladophore differentiation to spikelet differ entiation and from meiosis to initial heading. The three yellows occured from the end of the tiller ing stage to cladophore differentiation, from spikelet differentiation to meiosis and from initial heading to grain filling. Some relationships between canopy leaf colors and cultivation measures would be introduced in other articles.

关 键 词：水稻 高产栽培 多光谱扫描 叶包 

分 类 号：S511.104[农业科学—作物学]