化学杂交剂TO_3对水稻穗部形态发生的影响  

Effects of Chemical Hybridizing Agent TO_3 on Morphogenetic Changes in Spikelets of Oryza sativa L.

作　　者：张金渝[1] 蔡小宁[1] 梅传生[1] 汤日圣[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业生物遗传生理研究所

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》1995年第4期16-20,共5页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家"八五"攻关和农业部重点项目

摘　　要：１９８６～１９９４年，从引进的６种化学杂交剂和３０种其他化合物中筛选出ＴＯ＿３（吡啶酮类衍生物），于水稻抽穗前１２～２１天期间每平方米使用０．０３克，可以导致水稻不实率达９７．２％左右。ＴＯ＿３具有诱导不实效果较好、有效施用期较长、适用品种较广、价格较廉等优点，应用前景看好。ＴＯ＿３导致水稻不结实的效果主要是杀雄，但对雌蕊也有一定伤害。使用ＴＯ＿３后，雄蕊数减少，花药生长异常；少数花药呈三角状，顶端出现１至多枚类似雌蕊柱头顶端的羽状物，其余花药变小呈极浅的黄色，内无花粉粒；少数花药中含极少量花粉，花粉粒有膨大现象。雄蕊的异常生长是细胞减生（Ｈｙｐｏｐｌａｓｉａ）所致。From 1986 to 1994,six chemical hybridizing agents and thirty other chemicals were introduced and screened on rice. Anong these chemicals, TO_3, a pyridone derivative,induced rice spikelet sterility nearly complete, equal to 97. 2%, when applied at the rate of 0.03 g(ai)/m￣2 during 12-21 dsys before heading. TO_3 not only induced relatively complete spikelet sterility in various rice cultivars (Tables 1, 2 and 5), but its period of effective application was relatively long and its price relatively cheap, so it is expected to be commercialized. It was showed that the main effect of TO_3 was to damage the stamens, but at the same time,also cause some damage to pistils. After TO_3 application, the number of stamens in a spikelet was reduced and the anthers grew something wrong, for example, the stamens became smaller and yellowish with no or few Pollen grains. (Figs. 1,2) Moreover, a few anthers grew in the triangular shape,and sometimes one or several pinnae appeared on the apex of an anther.It is suggested that the abnormality is due to the hypoplasia of stamens.

关 键 词：水稻 化学杂交剂 形态发生 

分 类 号：S511.101[农业科学—作物学]