卫星上绝对辐射计观测太阳时与太空的辐射交换  

The Radiation Exchange between the Space and the Absolute Radiometer Along with the Solar Observation on Spacecraft

作　　者：禹秉熙[1] 方伟[1] 王玉鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所应用光学国家重点实验室,长春130031

出　　处：《光学学报》2005年第8期1048-1052,共5页Acta Optica Sinica

摘　　要：分析了卫星上用宽视场绝对辐射计(常温300K)观测太阳时与其视场内太空冷背景(4K)的辐射交换,它实际上是辐射计的接收腔向太空发射辐射,相当于辐射计接收了“负辐射”。视场宽时太空背景的这一“负辐射”量是不能忽略的,由于观测太阳(其视角很小为32′)的同时接收了充满其视场的太空“负辐射”,因此直接测得的数据比实际太阳辐射量值要小,需要加上这一“负辐射”量才能得到真正太阳辐射量值。研究出了用电功率补偿三步测量工作流程同时测量这一“负辐射”量和太阳辐照度的方法。在神州三号飞船轨道舱太阳常数监测器上的宽视场绝对辐射计采用这种工作流程测量了太阳辐照度,测得太空背景的“负辐射”值同计算值相同。The radiation exchange between the cold space （4 K） and the absolute radiometer （300 K） with wide field of view mounted on satellite is analysed when the sun is observed. That is the radiometer export radiation to space. It is equal to “minus radiation” received the by radiometer. When the field of view is wide, the “minus radiation” of absolute radiometer could not be ignored. The “minus radiation” which is full of its field of view is received, so the data measured are less than the pure solar irradiance, and the solar irradiance is the value that the “minus radiation” adding the original data. The three-step work flow chart of absolute radiometer that can measure the “minus radiation”, solar irradiance and electric compensation has been investigated. The absolute radiometer of solar constant monitor with wide field of veiw mounted on Shenzhou-3 spaceship measured solar constant in this work flow chart. The measured “minus radiation” value is equal to calculated value.

关 键 词：空间光学 测量与计量 太阳辐照度 辐射交换 太空 绝对辐射计 

分 类 号：O432[机械工程—光学工程]