北京市城近郊区污水灌溉农田发展过程探讨  

Discussion on Sewage Irrigation Development Process in the Suburbs of Beijing City

作　　者：杨华锋[1] 冯绍元[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学水利与土木工程学院,北京100083

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2005年第8期10-12,共3页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家重点基础研究项目(G1999045707);北京市科委资助项目(再生水灌溉对农作物影响的研究)。

摘　　要：自20世纪40年代当地农民自发利用石景山钢铁厂的工业废水进行灌溉至今,北京市污水灌溉发展大体经历了起步、快速、稳定、萎缩4个阶段;污水排放量随着经济的发展逐年增加,从1954年到2000年,47年间近郊区的污水排放量由0.24亿m3增加到13.55亿m3,年平均增长率9.16%;由于城市人口的增加,生活污水所占的比例逐渐增加,2000年工业污水占40%,生活污水占60%;污灌农田的分布经历了从西郊-西北郊-北郊-南郊-东南郊的迁移过程。面积从最初西郊的666.67hm2,发展到20世纪80年代末最多的8万hm2,再到目前主要分布在东南郊的约2.667万hm2。Since the local farmers started to irrigate farmland with the sewage water of the Shijingshan Iron and Steel Industry Factory in the 1940＇s, the sewage irrigation development in Beijing City can be divided in 4 periods： beginning, rapid increasing, stabilizing, and declining. Meanwhile, the quantity of sewage water is increasing every year. From 1954 to 2000, the quantity of sewage water increased from 0.24）〈 10^8 m^3 to 13.55）〈 10^8 m^3 , and the average increase rate per year was 9. 16%. The domestic sewage water toke more part of the total sewage water with the population increasing. For example, in 2000 the domestic sewage water accounted for 60% of total sewage water, while the industry sewage water accounted for 40%. The location of sewage water irrigation shifted from the west to the northwest suburb, then to the north suburb, south suburb, and southeast suburb of the city. The initial area was only 666.67 hm^2 in the west suburb, then it increased to its maximum 80 000 hm^2 , and then it decreased to 26 700 hm^2 , mostly located in the southeast suburb.

关 键 词：北京 污水灌溉 发展过程 

分 类 号：S273.5[农业科学—农业水土工程]