烷基三丁基氯化鏻的合成与性能研究  

Study on synthetic technique and property of alkyl tri-n-butyl phosphonium chloride

作　　者：王瑛[1] 傅佳骏[1] 严莲荷[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学化工学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《应用化工》2005年第8期478-481,共4页Applied Chemical Industry

基　　金：江苏省社会发展基金资助项目(BS2002043)

摘　　要：以氯代烷和三丁基膦为原料,通过双分子亲核取代反应(SN2)制备出烷基季鏻盐类杀生剂。研究了烷基三丁基氯化鏻的得率与反应物的摩尔比、溶剂品种、反应温度、反应时间及滴加速率之间的关系。结果表明,最佳合成工艺为:氯代烷和三丁基膦的摩尔配比为1.1∶1,反应温度150℃,滴加速度为10滴/m in,反应时间12 h,反应溶剂为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺,在该反应条件下产率在90%以上。药剂浓度大于40 mg/L时,三种季鏻盐对异养菌的12h杀菌率基本都达到100%;药剂浓度10 mg/L时,三种季鏻盐对铁细菌的12 h杀菌率达到95%;在药剂浓度为20mg/L时,三种季鏻盐对硫酸盐还原菌的杀菌率均接近99%。Alkyl tri-n-butyl phosphonium chloride was synthesized through SN2 reaction, using alkylchlo-rotetradecane and tri-n-butyl phosphine as reactants. In order to obtain maximal yield of alkyl tri-n-butyl phosphonium chloride, effect of the ratio of the reactants, reaction temperature, reaction time, reaction solvent and adding rate were studied. The results show that best technology condition are： mole ratio of chlorotetradecane to tri-n-butyl phosphine is 1.1 ： 1, reaction temperature is 150℃, reaction time is 12h, reaction solvent is N, N-dimethylformamide, the rate of production is more than 90% under this condition. Which reagent concentration is more than 40 mg/L, anti-bacterial performances of the three kinds of quaternary phosphonium about 12 h for heterotrophy was almost 100%. When reagent concentration is 10 mg/L, anti-bacterial performances of the three kinds of quaternary phosphonium about 12 h for Febacteria was 95%. When reagent concentration is 20 mg/L, anti-bacterial performances of the three kinds of quaternary phosphonium about 12 h for SRB was 99%.

关 键 词：季鏻盐 双分子亲核取代 性能测试 

分 类 号：TQ042[化学工程]