毛竹基腐病菌（Arthrinium　phaeospermum）的研究  

STUDIES ON ARTHRINIUM PHAEOSPERMUM CAUSING MOSO BAMBOO FOOT ROT

作　　者：夏黎明[1,2] 张素轩[1,2] 黄建河[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学 [2]福建省林业厅

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》1995年第2期23-28,共6页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：国家"八五"攻关项目

摘　　要：报道毛竹基腐病菌（暗孢节菱孢Ａｒｔｈｒｉｎｉｕｍｐｈａｅｏｓｐｅｒｍｕｍ）的形态特征、孢子萌发方式和主要生态特性。电镜观察结果表明：该菌的基本形态与Ｍ．Ｂ．Ｅｌｌｉｓ所描述的一致外，还发现了一些未被描述过的孢子类型：（１）长椭圆形—棍棒状的分生孢子；（２）向顶性陆续形成的分生孢子链；（３）间生和顶生的厚垣孢子。孢子萌发试验结果表明：该菌的分生孢子有两种萌发方式：一种是产生芽管，另一种是产生泡囊，囊中含有多个无色球状或椭圆形的孢子。适合孢子萌发的温度为２４℃～３２℃，而以２８℃为最佳；合适的酸度为ｐＨ５～７，而以ｐＨ６为最好；在孢子悬浮液内加４．５％葡萄糖可显著提高孢子萌发率。菌丝生长的最适温度为２４℃～２８℃；最适酸度为ｐＨ６。This paper reports the morphology, spore germination means and ecological habits of Arthrinium phaeospermum causing Moso bamboo foot rot. Examination resultS showed that primary characters of conidiophore mother cells, conidiophores and conidia were identical with the descriptions given by M. B. Ellis, but some additional undescribed spores were observed as follows: (1)a kind of ellipitic-clavata conidia; (2) acropetal and catenulate conidia; (3) intercalary and terminal chlamydospores. Conidia germination tests indicated that there are two means for germination: one is to produce a germ tube, the other to form a vesicle conatining a number of very small colorless spores. The results of ecological condition experiment have shown that the optimum temperature and acidity for conidia germination are 28℃ and pH 6; for mycelium growth are 24 ℃～28℃ and pH 6. The addition of sugar(4. 5 % ) can raise the precentage of conidia germination.

关 键 词：毛竹 基腐病菌 暗孢节菱孢 孢子萌发方式 

分 类 号：S763.757.2[农业科学—森林保护学]