不同品种番茄嫁接植株间吸钾特性差异的研究  

ON THE POTASSIUM UPTAKE OF THE GRAFT PLANTS OF DIFFERENT VARIETIES OF TOMATO

作　　者：张春兰[1] 张耀栋[1] 吕烈武 朱建春[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学自然资源与环境科学系

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》1995年第3期72-80,共9页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：本试验在研究１３个番茄品种吸钾特性的基础上，选用６个品种进行不同嫁接组合比较。结果表明：嫁接植株地上部的生育状况与接穗密切相关。在霍克兰特营养液（Ⅱ）１／３份额钾和全份额钾水平下基本上保留了接穗营养体生长和生殖生长的特性。嫁接植株的吸钾特性则取决于砧木和接穗的联合效应。选用吸钾能力强的番茄品种为砧木，与早花、早果、需钾量多的品种为接穗进行嫁接后，其总吸钾量为最高，输送到花、果实中钾量也较多，且抗性增强。其中，以吸钾能力强、总吸钾量高、向地上部运输的钾亦多的抗青枯龙虎号作砧木，与早熟类型如北京早红接穗进行嫁接后，其嫁接植株对提高吸钾能力、抗逆性、早熟和高产的影响最为显著。The growth of graft shoots is closely associated with scion patterns. The characteristics of vegstative and reproductive growth of the scion remain basically unchansed when the graft plants grow in the Hoagland nutrient solutions (Ⅱ) containing one-third and full potassium, respectively. Potassium uptake by the grafts depends on the interaction between the stock and the scion. Based on the K uptake patterns, six are selected out of 13 tomato genotypes to investigate the interaction between the stock and the scion. The results indicate that when a scion characterized by early-blossoming, early-fruiting and high K requirements is grafted into a stock with a great K uptake capacity,the greatest amount of K is found in the grafts, and considerable amount of K is translocated upward to the blossomsand fruits. This also helps the graft plants to build up their resistance to unfavotable conditions. It is also proved that the bacterial wilt resistant genotype (Kangqingku Longhu) takes up much potassium and translocate considerable potassium from roots to shoots. By grafting an early- maturing scion (Beijing Zaohong ) into the stock (KangqingkuLonghu ), an optimizd graft is obtained which has the characteristics of high K uptake, strong resistance, earlymaturing and high yielding.

关 键 词：番茄 嫁接植株 吸钾特性 品种 

分 类 号：S641.201[农业科学—蔬菜学]