银南灌区吨粮田栽培技术研究  

Cultural Techniques of the High-yield Fields in the Irrigated Areas of Southern Yinchuan

作　　者：许志斌[1] 李硕 李彦禄 陈立新 王华[1] 程晋龙[1] 韩吉军 马自清 刘志刚 张卫平 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院农作物所,银南地区农科所,吴忠市农业技术推广中心,青铜峡市农业技术推广中心,永宁县农业局

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》1995年第2期1-6,共6页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

摘　　要：通过１９９１～１９９３年的研究，确定了吨粮田小麦品种以宁春１３号、宁春１４号、宁春１６号、宁春１７号和宁春４号为主，配套玉米品种为掖单１３号、掖单１２号、宁单７号；形成了小麦、玉米占地比例６０：４０或６５：３５，玉米以种植３行为主的种植模式；建立了小麦亩播种粒数、玉米密度、玉米施氮、玉米施磷的综合农艺措施多元数学函数模型和小麦亩播有效种子３７．４～３９．９万粒、收获穗数３５万左右玉米设计密度４８００～５０００株／亩、亩收获穗数４２００～４５００万、单穗粒重１５０～１６０ｇ的群体结构，以及玉米亩施纯氮２４．０～２５．９ｋｇ、纯磷４．６～４．７ｋｇ的施肥技术。吨粮田促控的矛盾主要是玉米，玉米合理的促控指标为：６月２０～２５日玉米株高与小麦齐平。叶面积指数抽雄期达到２．９４～３．９５，籽粒灌浆期达到最大，保持在３．５６～４．６４。总光合势为１６．９６～２１．７２米２·日。干物质积累在玉米灌浆结束时应达到１３４５～１５８３ｋｇ／亩。On the basis of the experiment,Ningchun 13,14,16,17,and 4 were selected as the primary cultivars of wheat,yedan 13,12 and Ningdan 7 as The key cultivars of maize for intercropping.The area ratio of wheat to maize was 60%: 40% or 65%:35% with the main interplanting pattern of 3 rows of maize.A multi-factor function indicating the relations among the wheat grain number for seeding,maize seeding spacing and N and P application of maize was established, and at the same time the crop stand structure,the best one at the moment,with 374000～399000grains/mo of wheat for seeding and harvest of 350000 ears;maize,planting spacing of 4800～5000 plants/mo,harvese of 4200～4500 ears and a single ear grain weight of 150～160g,was established.The technique,application of 23.0～25.9kg/mo of net N and 4.6～4.7kg/mo of net P to maize,was practised too.The key component in the high-yield fields was maize.The suitable indexes of promotion and control was that maize plants reached to the same height as wheat did during the period of June 20～June 25 with a leaf area index of 2.94～3.95 in the stamen growing stage and of the highest values(3.56～4.64) in the filling stage of grain, a general photosynthesis capacity of 16.96～21.72/m2d; a dry matter accumulation of 1345～1583kg/mo by the end off the filling stage of maize grain.

关 键 词：吨粮田 耕作 套作 银南灌区 小麦 玉米 

分 类 号：S344.13[农业科学—作物栽培与耕作技术] S344.3[农业科学—农艺学]