同种异体神经移植形态学观察  

MOrphological Observation on Nerve Allpografts

作　　者：王勇[1] 刘兴炎[1] 葛宝丰[1] 陈东安[1] 杨小鸿 何杨[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州军区总医院骨科研究所,兰州军区总医院肌电图室

出　　处：《宁夏医学杂志》1995年第5期266-267,共2页Ningxia Medical Journal

摘　　要：为了降低或消除异体神经移植的免疫排斥反应，选用ＳＤ大白鼠２０只，体重２５０ｇ～３００ｇ。将双侧坐骨神经切除１０ｍｍ造成缺损，一侧用经－３０℃冷冻和２５℃～３０℃室温下解冻反复处理５次的同种异体神经１０ｍｍ移植；另一侧将切除的１０ｍｍ坐骨神经原位再植，作为自体对照侧。分别于４周和８周，各取１０只动物的双侧坐骨神经和腓肠肌标本，进行光镜和电镜观察：发现异体侧４周时，移植神经段吞噬现象非常活跃；远侧神经段，再生有髓神经数量明显少于自体侧。但到８周时，异体侧，通过移植段到达远侧段神经的有髓纤维明显增加，与自体侧比较差别不明显。异体侧与自体侧有髓神经直径和髓鞘厚度比较只有轻微差别。由此推断，－３０℃冷冻和室温下解冻反复处理，可使同种异体神经的抗原性明显降低，同时又能使移植神经的膜管结构保持完整，发挥其较好的机械引导作用和基底膜成分的神经生长诱导作用。The purpose of this study was to reduce or eliminate the immunogen of all-grafted nerves.A 10mm defect in ischium nerve was created bilaterally in 20 sprague-Dawly rats(Wt: 250g～300g).One defect was treated by grafting allogeneic ischium nerve which was freezed at-30℃ and hawed at room temperature repeatly for 5 times,the Contrastable defect was planted with autogenous excised ischium nerve and served as control.4 weeks and 8 weeks after grafting,the ischium nerve and gastrocnne-mius were examined by light and electron microscope within 4 weeks after grafting,phakocytosis was found very active in allo-grafts increased obviously,and regenerated myelinated nerres at distal segment were much fewer than that in autografts. Within 8 weeks,the myelinated nerves in allografts in-creased obviously,and there was little differ-ence at the diameter of regenerated nerves and the thickness of myelin sheath between two nerves. It was concluded that repeatly freezing at -30℃ and thawing at room temprature can obviously reduce the im-munogen of allogeneic nerve,and keep the basal laminae intact which can serve as con-duits for nerve regeneration.

关 键 词：神经移植 异体移植 形态学 坐骨神经 

分 类 号：R651.305[医药卫生—外科学]