小麦抗赤霉病无性系变异的研究与应用  

Studies on Somaclonal Variation of Scab Resistant Lines in Wheat

作　　者：陆维忠[1] 蒋宁[1] 周楠[1] 沈晓蓉[1] 许仁森 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农科院遗传生理研究所

出　　处：《农业生物技术学报》1995年第2期7-11,共5页Journal of Agricultural Biotechnology

基　　金：75农02-01课题;"863"-101-02专题

摘　　要：研究了不同基因型、不同外植体以及不同的理化因素等对小麦体细胞无性系发生的影响。通过比较发现，小麦的幼穗和幼胚是无性系研究的理想外植体。在培养基中添加一定量的ＤＯＮ毒素可以促进赤霉病抗性较好的变异体产生，其浓度以０．６×１０－４为宜。通过抗病性鉴定，从再生植株及其后代中选出了一批抗性好于供体亲本的材料。其中８９４０３７和８９５００４两个体细胞无性系表现突出。经过多年试验表明：８９４０３７的抗性与苏麦３号相当，而农艺性状好于后者，可以作为抗性亲本使用。８９５００４的抗性和丰产性均好于推广品种扬麦５号。１９９３年秋已参加江苏省区域试验，是一个有应用前景的高产抗赤霉病无性系。The effects of different genotypes and different explants on somaclonal variation in wheatwere investigated.Of the five explants,young spikes and young embryos were suitable for somaclonal vari-ation. Some physical or chemical factors such as radiation also had some effects on somaclonal variation. The addition of DON(0.4～1.0×10-4mol.L-1)into culture media inhibited the frepuencies of bothcallus induction and callus growth among the cultivars tested there was certain correlation between thediease resistance in plant level and cell leval.Some of the regenerated plants from the callus growing on themedia contain DON showed improvement in scab resistance,with an appropriate concentration of DON0.6 ×10-4mol·L-1.By inoculation test with conidiospores of F. graminearum schw,we obtained some re-sistant lines from the regenerated plants or their offsprings.One of them was 894037,its resistance wassimilar to that of sumai 3,the famous resistant control cultivar,while its agronomic traits was better thanthe later.Another I/ine was 895004,either its resistance or its yield potential was better than that of Yang-mai 5,the most popular cultivar in Jiangsu province,therefore,it was priobabely very useful in the produc-tion as a resistant somaclonal variation line.

关 键 词：小麦 赤霉病 无性系变异 抗病性 

分 类 号：S512.103.4[农业科学—作物学]