地面水水样预处理技术研究  

Study on Pretreatment Technique of Surface Water Samples

作　　者：王素文 胡文福 

机构地区：[1]上海市环境保护科学研究院,上海200233

出　　处：《上海环境科学》1995年第1期30-34,共5页Shanghai Environmental Sciences

摘　　要：研究了地面水中重金属元素Cu、Zn、Cd、Pb、Cr、Ni及Hg溶解态与悬浮态的分离技术;采用原子吸收光谱法定量测定上述元素,并比较了分离后两态重金属元素的浓度差异。实验结果,重金属元素大部分以悬浮态存在于水体中,溶解态的含量极微。采用最佳的过滤分离(滤膜和滤纸)和离心分离技术,能得到较好的分离效果,而澄清分离是不可取的,因其难以规范化。指出在地面水分析中,必须建立严谨和统一的地面水预处理技术,才能保证环境分析数据的准确性和可比性。Techniques for separating soluble and suspending states of heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni and Hg) in surface water have been studied. The concentrations of heavy metals in two states separated by the techniques were measured and compared. It was found that the more of heavy metals are of suspending state, the least of soluble metals will be. The good result could be obtained by using filtering separation (including filter membrane and paper) and centrifugal separation at individual optimal operation, whereas the precipitation separation will not be recommended because of the standardization is difficult. To guarantee accuracy and comparability of the analytical results, a rigorous and unified method on pretreatment of surface water for environmental analysis should be established.

关 键 词：水样 重有色金属 水质分析 地面水 前处理 

分 类 号：X832[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X132