我国北方稻区稻瘟病菌生理小种研究  

STUDIES ON PATHOGENIC RACES OF PLRICULARIA ORYZAE IN CROPPING RICE REGIONS OF NORTH CHINA

作　　者：凌忠专[1] 王久林[1] 李梅芳[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院作物所

出　　处：《中国农业科学》1989年第3期7-13,共7页Scientia Agricultura Sinica

摘　　要：本文报道用中日两套鉴别品种研究我国北方稻区稻瘟病菌生理小种的结果:1、确定了北方稻区的生理小种;2、明确了丹东地区和北京地区的小种组成及其优势小种;3、评定了已知抗病基因在当前抗病育种中的利用价值,指出BL1可以在抗病育种中继续利用;4、指出中花9号推广应用后引起的小种组成的变化,说明栽培品种的更替对小种组成的变化起主要作用;5、通过分离菌在具有已知基因的中日鉴別品种上反映的异同,根据基因对基因原理,对小种进行订正,指明正确确定小种的方法。Blast fungus, Piricularia oryzne, was studied for its pathogenic races in cropping rice regions of North China, using Japanese differential varieties. 345 isolates, which were collected from six cropping rice regions, were divided into 70 pathogenic races. Among them, four races, that is, 007, 453, 317 and 117 were dominant races and their frequencies were 8.70%, 7.25%, 6.09% and 5.80%, respectively. Race constitutions were observed for their changes in Dandong rice region from year to year in present study.In Dandong region, 19 pathogenic races were found in 1985 and 33 pathogenic races in 1987. Dominant races were also observed for their changes The results indicated that the dominant races were 007 and 307 in 1985 and 735 and 453 in 1987.33 pathogenic races were identified in Dandong rice region and 39 pathogenic races in Beijing rice region in 1987. There were 23 common Japanese races in these two regions.Twelve differential varieties of Kiyosawa's include Shin 2, Aichi Asahi, Fujisaka 5, Kusabue, Tsuyuake, Fukunishiki, K1, Pi No4, Toride 1, K60, BL1, K 59 and have known resistance gene in every variety The differential varities were identified using 230 isolates for their resistance to Chinese isolates and every variety showed susceptible reaction to some isolates Shin 2 and Aiehi Asahi showed susceptible reaction to 225 and 224 isolates, respectively. But BL1 showed susceptible reaction to only 9 isolates. It indicated that BL1 is a useful resistance resource in breeding for resistance to blast disease.Pathogenic race constitution is obviously affected by cultivated varieties. For example, Zhonghua No. 9, which has Pi-z^t gene, was released in large area in Dandong region in 1985 and this variety made up 50% of the total cultivated area in 1986. Before releasing the variety, isolates invading it made up 5.08% of total isolates in 1984 but 58.90% in 1986 (after releasing the variety).

关 键 词：稻瘟病菌 鉴别品种 生理小种 

分 类 号：S511.034[农业科学—作物学]