油菜不同品种耐土壤缺硼力的研究  

RESISTANCES OF DIFFERENT RAPE VARIETIES TO B DEFICIENCY OF SOIL

作　　者：刘昌智[1] 王玉芹[1] 陈仲西 金河成[1] 邓洪民 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院油料作物所,中国农业科学院文献信息中心,中国农业科学院原子能应用研究所

出　　处：《土壤学报》1995年第3期308-314,共7页Acta Pedologica Sinica

摘　　要：通过油菜的土培、水培及三年定位量试验，分析植株硼营养状况，并用￣（１０）Ｂ测定硼在花器官内的微域分布，初步表明，在土壤缺硼条件下，不同油菜品种耐土壤缺硼力存在明显差异：白菜型品种浠水白耐土壤缺硼力强，植株可吸收和积累较多的硼素，尤其是雄蕊和雌蕊的硼含量（１０．４３和１０．２５μｇ／ｇ）和硼充足的雄蕊和雌蕊的硼含量（１１．１２和１１．５７μｇ／ｇ）相差很小。相反，甘蓝型油菜在土壤供硼条件下，才能吸收和积累更多的硼素，从而获得高产。甘蓝型油菜缺硼时雄蕊和雌蕊硼含量都低，这是花而不实的重要原因。Pot experiment and water culture were used to compare the characters of rapevarieties.A three-year fix-location field experiment of B fertilizer application wasconducted to study the quantity of absorption and accumulation of B during diffe-rent growing stages of rape. Microscopy was used to detect formation of pollengrain,and￣1 ￣(10)Bα-solid technique was used to determine the contents and distributionof B in the flower organs of rape. The results showed that responses of rape varie-ties to B nutrition varied greatly.1.In the condition of severe B deficiency in soil(content of hot-water-solubleB was 0.2μg/g), 18 varieties of rape could be divided into five grades accordingto their responses to the stress of B in soils.Among them,Xishuibai had the strongability to resist B deficiency,being included in the first grade. Ganyou 4 had agood response when B was deficient, belonging to the second grade. 6 rape verie-ties such as 821 had bad resistances to B deficiency,being the third grade. Theforth grade meant worse and the fifth meant the worst responses to the stress ofB. 10 rape varieties such as Ganyou 2 and double-low 84004 were divided into thetwo grades. 2.The yield of Xishuibai was higher than that of Ganyou 5 without B-ferti-lizer application. The result was contrary in case of B application. 3.When there was no application of B fertilizer,the content and accumulation of B within the body of Xishuibai were slightly higher than those Ganyou 5 duringtheir growing stages.For example,the content and accumulation of B in Xishuibaiand Ganyou 5 were 13.1mg /kg, 342μg/per plant and 8.9mg/kg,206μg/per plant,respectively,at the mature stage. 4.The boron contents of bud,flower,pistil and stamen of rape were very dif-ferent among varieties.For example,the B contents of pistil and stamen of Xishui-bai were 10.43 and

关 键 词：油菜品种 ￣(10)B 硼营养 耐土壤缺硼力 

分 类 号：S565.406[农业科学—作物学]