短角牛改良秦川牛效果研究  

Research on Crossbreeds of Qinchuan Cattle with Shorthorn

作　　者：邱怀[1] 昝林森[1] 唐万寿[1] 张英汉[1] 常智杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农业大学黄牛研究室

出　　处：《西北农业大学学报》1995年第5期61-64,共4页Journal of Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry（Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家教委博士点基金

摘　　要：比较了１２月龄的短秦Ｆ＿１、短秦Ｆ＿２和秦川牛各４头阉牛的体尺、体重变化及屠宰性能指标，结果表明：导入短角牛可使秦川牛后躯发育不良之缺陷得到纠正，腰角宽增加６６．３７％～６８．５２％（Ｐ＜０．０１），髋宽增加８．７５％～１１．５８％（Ｐ＜０．０５），体重也明显增加（４．１７％～６．５１％，Ｐ＜０．０１）；屠宰率、净肉率、肉骨比、眼肌面积和眼肌重等５项指标分别提高８．６６％～９．０１％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、５．２３％～７．６６％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、７．２３％～４７．０９％（Ｐ＜０．０１）、２７．１４％～２８．７７％（Ｐ＜０．０１）和４３．２６％～４８．８８％（Ｐ＜０．０５，Ｐ＜０．０１），并使其胴体的前、后肢及体躯三部分产肉量占胴体总产肉量的比例得以优化，但肉质组成差异不大。改良效果短秦Ｆ＿１优于短秦Ｆ＿２。A fatting experiment was carried out to systermatically study the fattingand meat performance of 12-mouth old Qinchuan cattle and its F_1 &F_2 crossbreeds byshorthorn(n=4). The results showed that the crossbreeds of Qinchuan cattle ×short-horn did not reveal hypoplasia in the rear end compared with the Qinchuan cattle. Incomparion with the Qinchuan cattles, their hind width, thurl width , live-weight in-creased by 66.37%～68.52%(P<0.01),8.75%～11.58%(P<0.05),17%～6.51% (P<0.01), and the killing-out percentage, meat percentage, ratio of meat to bone, eyemuscle area and weight increased by 8.66%～9.01%(P<0.0),5.25%～7.66%(P< 0.01),7.23%～47.09%(P<0.01), 27.14%～28.77%P<0.01)and 43.26% ～48.88%(P<0.05 , P<0.01 )respectively. The proportion of meat yield of fore leg,hind leg and body over general meat yield of carcass was bettered in crossbreeds, buttheir meat composition did not have significant difference. So it was concluded that theF_1crossbreeds of Qinchuan cattle×shorthorn were better than those of F_2.

关 键 词：秦川牛 短角牛 导血杂交 体尺 体重 屠宰性能 

分 类 号：S823.81[农业科学—畜牧学] S823.2[农业科学—畜牧兽医]