稻瘟病菌有性态的诱导及其后代的致病性  

INDUCING OF THE PERFECT STAGE IN PYRICULARIA ORYZAE AND THE PATHOGENICITY OF ITS PROGENY

作　　者：沈瑛[1] 朱培良[1] 袁筱萍[1] 赵新华[1] 彭云良[1] 陈国华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所,四川省农科院植保所

出　　处：《西南农业学报》1995年第3期74-79,共6页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：选用３组稻瘟病菌标准菌株，在几种常用培养基和两组标准菌株在稻椿再生苗上进行配对试验，并测定其子囊孢子后代的致病性。初步结果表明，稻瘟病菌的有性态在几种常用培养基上均能形成，但在恒温２０℃并辅以连续光照较室温（１５～２５）℃自然条件下更易形成有性态；含有基质的培养基对稻瘟病菌的能育性有一定的刺激作用，但不能改变性反应的差异。用配对标准菌株等量喷雾，涂抹或菌丝块接种，于植株上虽未形成典型的子囊壳，但均可使叶片显症；子囊孢子的发芽率为２４．０７％～２７．２８％，其后代致病率范围为０％～８．３３％。尽管稻瘟病菌的有性杂交在自然界的某些地区有可能存在，但对病害的致病性变异影响不大。Two Pairs of standard isolates of Pyricularia oryzae were inoculated on three pairs of standard isolate of Pyricularia oryzae were co-cultured on 4 different media and ratooning rice plants of cultivars Nonghu No.6,and Mokoto and the Pathogenicity of their ascospore progenies were also tested in this paper.The preliminary results showed that the perfect stage of p.or yzae can be produced on all the four tested media.The incubated condition for Perithecia of the perfect stage of P.oryzaeat 20℃ with continuous fluorescence is much better than at 15-25℃ with natural light.The culture including matrix such as rice leaves,nodes and necks are of some stimulative functions on the fertile ability,but they can not change the difference in sexual reaction of the isolates.Three inoculated methods of spraying,smear and mycelium mass were tested on rice plants with blast pathogen. NO typical Perithecia of Magnaporthe grisea were formed on the plants.but leaf blast lesions were shown.The gemination rate of ascospore was 24.07%-27.78%.The data showed that 0%￣8.33% of random ascospore progenies involved in conditioning virulence to Nonghu No 6 and Mokoto.The perfect stage of rice blast fungus may exist naturally in certain areas,but it does not seem to be very important to the pathogenicity variation of the Pathogen.

关 键 词：稻瘟病菌 有性态 子囊壳 致病性 诱导 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]