大熊猫出血性肠炎的研究  

STUDIES ON HEMORRHAGIC ENTERITIS IN GIANT PANDAS

作　　者：李光汉[1] 钟顺隆[1] 张安居[1] 余建秋[1] 李绍昌[1] 高巽坤[1] 顾淑君[1] 张传彬[1] 陈立礼[1] 柯红[1] 秦光明[1] 

机构地区：[1]成都大熊猫繁育研究基地成都动物园,华西医科大学,四川省卫生防疫站

出　　处：《畜牧兽医学报》1995年第3期268-275,共8页ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA

基　　金：国家科委社会发展司资助

摘　　要：１９８６年以来，成都、卧龙等地的大熊猫相继发生一种临床主要表现为便血、体温正常、白细胞总数偏低，病理变化以肠粘膜充血、出血、坏死脱落为主的疾病。其发病突然，病情重，死亡率高。取急性期粪、血及死亡尸体各种标本，采用人胚肺二倍体细胞、猴肾及地鼠肾传代细胞进行病毒分离培养，电镜观察，均未发现可疑病毒；同时进行厌氧、微需氧及需氧细菌培养，通过形态学、生理学、血清学、动物试验及毒力检测，１３例标本中，有９例分离出肠侵袭性大肠杆菌(ＥＩＥＣ．Ｏ１５２）２５株，几乎呈纯培养生长。经药物敏感试验，筛选出一系列敏感抗菌药，选用先锋必为主药治疗２０头病例（轻、中度便血１４例、重度便血６例）全部治愈。用犊牛、鸡等动物作动物模型，复制出类似症状，细菌回收，仍为原菌。通过上述系列研究，证明肠侵袭性大肠杆菌（ＥＩＥＣ．Ｏ１５２）是成都地区大熊猫出血性肠炎的病原。提出临床抢救综合措施，收到良好效果。There was a kind of disease which was discovered in giant pandas in Chengdu andWolong since 1986.Its clinical signs were blood stool, normal temperature and lueko-penia. And its main pathological changes were hyperemia, hemorrhage, necrosis andslough of the intestinal mucosa. Such disease occurred suddenly and seriously with hiberhmotality. No virus was found after the virus isolation culture with all sorts of specimensof exprement,blood and dead bodies with 2BS, BHK21 and CV1 and the observationunder the electron microscope. Meanwhile,the anaerobe, microaerophile and aerobe werecuItured. After the tests of morphography, physiology, serology, animals and virulence,25 strains of EIEC.O152 were isolated from 9 specimens of the 13 specimens.The EIEC.O152 were almost pure cultures.A series of sensitive drugs were selected after the drugsensitivity tests.Cefabid was selected as the main medicine to treat 20 cases (14 mildand moderatecases.6 severe of cases)and all of them were recovered. We used calf andfowl as models and reproduced analogous symptoms.The bacteria was still the orignalbacteria after being recovered.Above studies prove that EIEC.O152 is the pathogen ofhemorrhagic enrtetitis in giant pandas in Chengdu area.

关 键 词：大熊猫 出血性肠炎 大肠杆菌 

分 类 号：S858.951.2[农业科学—临床兽医学]