定量体积排除色谱法测定水溶性高分子的折光指数增量  

Determination of Specific Refractive Index Increments of Water Soluble Polymers by Quantitative Size Exclution Chromatography

作　　者：薄淑琴[1] 杨国钧[1] 裴轶慧 程 时 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长春应用化学研究所高分子物理开放实验室

出　　处：《应用化学》1995年第4期13-17,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助课题

摘　　要：用定量体积排除色谱（ＳＥＣ）法，从示差折光检测器的响应测定了多种水溶性高分子在纯水溶液中的折光指数增量，与常规静态方法所得结果相同，ＳＥＣ用盐水溶液作为淋洗液时，盐水溶液类同于混合溶剂，溶质与周围溶剂的色谱分离过程与透析过程等同。在有柱和无柱的色谱装置条件下，从示差折光的检测响应值可分别导得恒定化学位和恒定溶剂组成下的折光指数增量νμ和νｋ。中性的聚丙烯酰胺在ＮａＣｌ溶液中νμ＞νｋ，表明ＮａＣ１分子被高分子链优先吸附。聚电解质聚苯乙烯磺酸钠的νμ＜νｋ，表明水分子被优先吸附。The specific refractive index increments of a number of water soluble polymers inpure water were determined by quantitative size exclusion chromatography(SEC)equipedwith a refractive index detector.The results obtained are identical with literature values de-termined by conventional static methods. For SEC with aqueous salt solution as eluent,whick is similar to a mixed solvei,system,the chromatographic separation process of the so-lute with surrounding solvent molecules is equivalent to dialysis process. Under the condi-tions of chromatographic apparatus equiped with and without SEC separation columns,fromthe measured refractive index response constants the refractive index increment under con-stant chemical potential νμand under constant composition of the solvent νk of the polymerscould be determined.For the neutral polymer,polyacrylamide in aqueous NaCl solution,νμ>νk,that indicates the preferential adsorption of salt molecules by polymer chain,while forthe polyelectrolyte sodium polystyrene stilfonate,νμ<νk ,i.e,the water molecules are prefer-entially adsorbed by polymer chain.

关 键 词：水溶性高分子 折光指数增量 体积排除色谱 SEC 

分 类 号：O631.24[理学—高分子化学] O657.72[理学—化学]