中国降水和温度对ENSO响应的特征  

THE RESPONSE OF PRECIPITATION AND TEMPERATURE IN CHINA TO ENSO

作　　者：陆端军 张先恭[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象科学研究院

出　　处：《应用气象学报》1995年第1期118-123,共6页Journal of Applied Meteorological Science

基　　金：<长期天气预报理论与方法研究>课题资助

摘　　要：该文采用一种较为客观、定量的分析方法，对１９５１～１９９０年逐月降水和温度分别转换成Ｇａｍｍａ分布和正态分布的百分位数，对１０次ＥＮＳＯ事件中各站的降水和温度进行合成。然后计算合成后的第一谐波的振幅和波峰位相，以确定降水和温度对ＥＮＳＯ的响应区域和各响应区域的响应时段。得到了１８个降水响应区和７个温度响应区，确定出３５个降水响应时段和９个温度响应时段。其中，降水响应最明显的区域在华北区和长江中下游及江南区。温度响应最明显的区域是东北中北部地区。With an objective and quantitive analysis,the monthly precipitationltemperaturedata are transformed into percentiles of Gamma /Normal distribution at all stations inthe 1951～1990 period. Monthly composites are computed for precipitationltemperaturewith data covering ten ENSO events.Based on the amplitude and phase of the firstharmonic,18 precipitation regions,7 temperature regions,35 response periods ofprecipitation and 9 response periods of temperature are determined.In North China,themiddle and lower basin of Changjiang River,and to the south of Changjiang River,theresponses of precipitation to ENSO events are distinct from that in the others。Meanwhile,the amplitude of negative temperature anomaly is the strongest and theduration is the longest in the north-middle part of Northeast China.

关 键 词：中国 温度 降水 厄尔尼诺与南方涛动 

分 类 号：P732.6[天文地球—海洋科学]