模型池塘生态系统设计与应用研究  

DESIGN AND APPLICATION OF MODEL POND ECOSYSTEMS

作　　者：黄玉瑶[1] 高玉荣[1] 任淑智 赵忠宪[1] 曹宏[1] 聂海燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》1995年第2期103-113,共11页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：报道了三种模型池塘生态系统即池塘微宇宙、池塘中宇宙和模型水陆生态系统的设计、组建与应用研究结果。三种模型生态系统分别由水族箱（６０×３０×４０）ｃｍ３、玻璃钢水槽（３×１×１）ｍ３和水泥池（２×２×０．６）ｍ３组成，铺垫一定量含有水生生物种子、孢子及卵子的干河泥，灌注自来水。起始氮、磷浓度按中富营养水平配置。培育约一个月，即可分别长成典型的沉水植物群落和沿岸植物群落，并可维持达数月。冬季水槽排干，第二年注水培养，生物群落可重新发展。该系统可连续使用数年。单甲脒农药影响实验结果表明，三种模型生态系统反应均灵敏，可以作为评价、预测化学污染物直接或经地表径流进入水体引起整体生态效应的良好工具。Three typos of model pond ecosystems have been designed and used to assess ecological effects of insecticide based on ecosystem level.The microcosms were made of aquarium with a size of (60×30× 40)cm3,mesocosms were made of glass fiber tanks of (3×1×1)m, and moedel terrestrial-aquatic ecosystem was made as a cement pool of(2×2×0.6)m3. All of them were laid with some dry river sediments containing seeds,cysts and eggr of aquatic organisms,and filled by tap water. About 1 month incubation in warm season, submerging plant communities grew up luxuriantly in microcosms and mesocosms and littoral community well in terrestrial-aquatic ecosystem. These communities could grow well again in the next few years. Results obtained from the experiments of N'(2, 4-dimethylphenyl)-N-methylformamidine hydrochloride indicated that the community structure and function in model pond ecosystems were sensitively responded to the stress of insecticide.It shows that the three types of model pond ecosystems are good tools for ecological assessment of aquatic environments impacted by pollutants entered directly or through land run off based on ecosystem level.

关 键 词：模型池塘生态系 池塘微宇宙 池塘中宇宙 设计 

分 类 号：Q141[生物学—生态学]