解磷接种物对垃圾堆肥中难溶性磷酸盐的转化及在农业上的应用  

EFFECT OF PHOSPHATE-DISSOLVING INOCULANT(PDI) ON TRANSFORMATION OF INSOLUBLE PHOSPHATE IN REFUSE COMPOST AND ITS APPLICATION IN AGRICULTURE

作　　者：尹瑞龄[1] 许月蓉 顾希贤[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所

出　　处：《应用与环境生物学报》1995年第4期371-378,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied and Environmental Biology

基　　金："八五"国家科技攻关项目

摘　　要：为了提高城市垃圾堆肥的速效磷含量，对供试的７种垃圾堆肥的解磷强度及解磷微生物进行了分析，并以分离富集的解磷微生物制成解磷菌剂进行了青菜盆栽及大田小区对比试验。结果表明：供试垃圾的解磷强度一般为１１７００～１６１００ｍｇ／ｋｇ；每ｇ垃圾堆肥含３．５～８．６亿个解磷微生物。出现的解磷能力强的微生物有芽孢杆菌属（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｓｐｐ．）、假单胞菌属（Ｐｓｅｕｄｏｍｏｎａｓｓｐｐ．）、节杆菌属（Ａｒｔｈｒｏｂａｃｔｅｒｓｐｐ．）、黄杆菌属（Ｆｌａｖｏｂａｃｔｅｒｉｕｍｓｐｐ．）、产碱菌属（Ａｌｃａｌｉｇｅｎｅｓｓｐｐ．）和赛氏杆菌属（Ｓｅｒｒａｔｉａｓｐｐ．）等。它们可分别使昆阳磷矿粉和／或摩洛哥磷矿粉释放２８４００～４６６００ｍｇ／ｋｇ和２９１００～３６９００ｍｇ／ｋｇ可溶性磷，利用解磷接种物可使垃圾堆肥提高２３～２５ｍｇ／ｋｇ速效磷，在往堆肥中添加植物物质和磷矿粉的情况下效果更好。将拌有解磷菌剂的垃圾堆肥在红壤荒地上施用，对青菜有良好的增产效果。In order to increase the content of available P in refuse composts, P dissolving intensity and microbes were analyzed from 7 kinds of tested refuse composts,and the isolated and enriched P dissolving microbes were used to produce P dissolving inoculant which was applied to potted Chinese cabbage and in fields . The results indicated that P dissolving intensity of the refuse composts usually was 11 700～ 16 100 mg/kg and the composts contain 350～ 860 millions P dissolving microbes per gram.The microbes able to dissolve P include: Bacillus spp.,Pseudomonas spp.. Arthrobacter spp. ,Alcaligenes spp. and Serritia spp.They would release 28 100～46 600 mg/kg and 29 100～36 900 mg/kg of available P from Kunyang and/or Morocco rock phosphate, respectively. By using PDI in compost. the available P in composts would be increased by 23～ 25 mg/kg. especially when the composts were mixed with plant materials and reek phosphate. It would effectively increase the production of Chinese cabbage by 9.5% and 90. 8% to apply the composts with the P dissolving inoculant to the waste land of ted soil.

关 键 词：垃圾堆肥 解磷接种物 磷酸盐 农业应用 

分 类 号：S141.8[农业科学—肥料学]