穴位相对特异性与经络或神经节段关系的实验研究  

The Relation of the Relative Specificity of Point to Channel Lines or Spinal Segments

作　　者：刘乡[1] 张守信[1] 魏北桦 

机构地区：[1]中国中医研究院针灸研究所,北京100700

出　　处：《针刺研究》1995年第1期54-59,共6页Acupuncture Research

摘　　要：本工作选用足少阳胆经的“上关”和“阳陵泉”及与之对应的足阳明胃经的“下关”和“足三里”，但“上关”和“下关”位于头部的颧弓上下，同为三叉神经支配。而“阳陵泉”和“足三里”位于腓骨小头前下方，同受腓总神经支配。分别观察电针这四个穴位对中缝大核（NRM）神经元及其由牙髓或尾尖饬害性刺激所引起的反应的效应，分析穴位相对特异性与经线或神经支配节段性的关系。观察到电针“上关”和“下关”均可激活NRM神经元，并抑制其两种刺激所引起的伤害性反应。但对牙髓伤害性反应的抑制作用更强（约－60％，5～10分，P＜0．05～0．001），而对尾尖伤害性反应无明显的抑制作用或仅为－30％。电针“阳陵泉”或“足三里”也可激活NRM神经元并抑制两种伤害性反应，但对尾尖伤害性刺激反应的抑制作用比对牙髓的强而持久，前者为－60％～－40％，30分钟（P＜0．05～0．001），后者为－40％，5～10分钟（P＜0．05～0．001）。上述事实表明，头部穴位电针对牙痛，后腿穴位电针对尾部痛的镇痛作用更好。指出穴位相对特异性似不依经线区分，而与神经支配的节段性关系密切。This work is to study whut the analgesia of EA is related with specificity of channel point or innervatinu of point. The discharges of 28 NRM neurons and their nociceptive responses induced by stimulation of dental pulp or tail tip in rats were recorded.The effects of EA of 'Shangguan' and 'Yanglingquan'of gall bladder channel of foot shaoyang on NRM neurons and their nociceptive responses were comShangguan'and with that of and'Xiaguan'and 'Zusanli'of the stomach channel of foot Yangming.'Shangguan'and' Xiaguan'were located in the depressions at the upper and lower border of zygomatic arch respectively,and innervated by the n.trigeminus.The hind leg points'Yanglingquan'is located in the depression anterior and inferior to capitulum fibulae above 'Zusanli' and both were innervated by n.Peroneus communis.The results showed that EA of 'Shangguan'or'Xiaguan'could activateNRM,increasing unit discharges about 70~120% for 10~15 minutes (P<0.05~0.001) and inhibit both nociceptive responses,but the inhibition on the nociceptive response induced by dental pulp (about - 60% for 5~10 minutes, P<0.05~0.001) was stronger than that by tail-tip (no effect or about-30% occasionally). 'Yanglingquan'or 'Zusanli' EA could also activate NRM and inhibit the nociceptive responses, but the inhibition on the nociceptive response of tail stimulation (about - 60^- 40% for 30 minutes, P<0.05~0.001) was stronger and longer than that of dental pulp (about-40% for 5~10 mintues, P<0.05~0.001).It is suggested the analgesia of acupuncturing facial points and hind leg points is better on toothache and on tail pain respectively,but there is no difference in analgesic effect of point in the channel line from other one.It may be related to that,the information from point and pain area is converged in the same and proximal spinal segment

关 键 词：针刺镇痛 穴位 相对特异性 经线 神经支配节段性 

分 类 号：R245－0[医药卫生—针灸推拿学]