挠性结构主动减振中传感器和激振器的优化布置  

OPTIMUM POSITIONS OF SENSORS AND ACTUATORS IN ACTIVE CONTROL OF VIBRATION OF FLEXIBLE STRUCTURES

作　　者：顾荣荣[1] 童忠钫[1] 程耀东[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学

出　　处：《振动与冲击》1995年第3期12-18,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

摘　　要：本文提出了从有效衰减振动能量的角度，通过最小化Ｌｙａｐｕｎｏｖ第二方法中的优化性能指标，对挠性结构振动的主动控制进行优化的方法。研究了在以位移传感器或速度传感器作为检测元件进行部分状态变量反馈的约束条件下，传感器、激振器的最优位置以及最优反馈增益的确定，讨论了在包括截尾残余模态的情况下系统的稳定性。本文还对在两邻边固定、另两邻边自由的边界条件下矩形薄板振动的主动控制进行了优化计算和数字仿真。结果表明，优化的控制系统能够有效地衰减结构的振动。本方法具有明显的物理意义和较高的计算速度，并且通过选取不同的权系数，能够协调控制能量和振动的衰减效果，从而得到合理的位置和增益。In this paper,a new design method is proposed that optimizes,the position of sensors and actuators in active control of flexible structures by minimizing a quadratic cost functional in the Lyapunov's second method to reduce the vibration energy effectively. The stability of the system is also discussed.The optimal computation and the digital simulation of the active control of the vibration of a thin rectangular plate,with two neighbour sides fixed and the other two sides free,are given.The results show that the optimal control system can reduce the vibration effectively. The method has clear physical meaning and relatively high speed of computation.By selecting various weighting coefficients,the damping effect and the needed control energy can be ad justed so that the reasonable feedback gain and positions of sensors and actuators can be obtained.

关 键 词：主动控制 振动控制 控制理论 挠性结构 振动 

分 类 号：TB535[理学—物理]