杂交稻制种粒黑粉病的侵染源及发生规律  

STUDIES ON SOURCE OF INOCULUM OF KERNEL SMUT AND ITS OCCURRENCE ON HYBRIDIZATION RICE

作　　者：潘学贤[1] 程开禄[1] 黄富[1] 汪远宏[1] 张长伟[1] 赵学谦 邓玉琳 陈宁 

机构地区：[1]四川省农业科学院水稻,高粱研究所,泸州646100 [2]四川省农牧厅植物检疫站 [3]四川省农牧厅种子公司

出　　处：《植物保护学报》1995年第4期289-296,共8页Journal of Plant Protection

摘　　要：1989—1993年对稻粒黑粉病(Neovossia horrida)的侵染源和发生流行规律进行了系统研究。结果表明,由冬孢子萌发直接产生的次生担孢子不是田间发病的主要接种体。发现并证实稻粒尾孢黑粉菌具有在植物体表芽殖附生特性,其病害循环中存在一个相当长的田间芽殖附生阶段,芽殖附生的次生担孢子才是田间发病的有效接种体。不育系柱头外露率高、开花时间持续长而分散及恢复系花粉量不足是导致发病严重的主要寄主因素。发病程度(Y)与扬花期降雨频率(X_1)和降雨量(X_2)呈极显著和显著偏相关,关系模型为Y=-1.8038+0.3499X_1+0.0837X_2±2.9411。栽培因素与发病程度也密切相关,建立了杂交稻制种防病增产栽培数学模型。The systematic studies on the source of inoculum and the epidemic law of rice kernel smut caused by Neovossia horrida were conducted in 1989 - 1993. The results showed that the secondary sporidia produced directly by teliospores were not the main inocula of the disease in field. It was found and confirmed that Neovossia horrida had the epiphytic budding character on the plant surfaces, and the epiphytic budding stage was very long in its disease cycle. The secondary sporidia produced by the epiphytic budding propagation were the effective inocula of the disease in field only. The higher protruding style rate the scattered flowering and the longer flowering time of male sterile rices and the non-enough pollen count of restorers were the main host factors causing serious occurrence and damage of kernel smut. A significant correlation seemed to exist between disease severity(Y) and rain frequency (X1) and rainfall(X2) during the flowering period of the crop. A regression model was established as follows : Y= -1. 8038 + 0. 3499X1 + 0. 0837X2±2. 9411 The influence of cultural factors on the occurrence of kernel smut was studied and mathematical models for yield increase by disease control in hybrid rice seed production were built up also.

关 键 词：杂交水稻 制种 黑粉病 侵染源 发生规律 

分 类 号：S435.111.4[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]