喜马拉雅旱獭实验感染鼠疫及流行病学意义的研究  

Srudy on experimentally infected Marota Himalayana with Yersinia Pestis and its epidemiological signifficance

作　　者：武文莲[1] 朱锦沁[1] 王丽[1] 陈适书[1] 王治军[1] 陈跃辉 吴驾淞[1] 吴刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]青海省地方病防治研究所

出　　处：《中国地方病学杂志》1995年第4期224-227,共4页Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology

摘　　要：用鼠疫菌感染流行和非流行区的旱獭，观察其感受性、临床表现、体液和细胞免疫等。结果表明，流行区和非流行区的旱獭对鼠疫的感受性和敏感性无明显差异；临床表现类似一般急性传染病，潜伏期短，有高烧、白细胞总数增加、核左移、淋巴肿大、及以充血、实质脏器充血、坏死为主要特征。初次感染的旱獭Ｆ１抗体第７天阳性率为３８．４％，再次感染第５天阳转率为１００％；血凝最高滴度初次感染为１：１２８０，再次感染１：４０９６０；３个月内，初次感染旱獭的ＭＰＩ＜１０，再次感染ＭＰＩ＜５；Ｅ－玫瑰花和淋转试验的观察与感染前有明显的差异；初次感染１０亿个活菌可全部致死旱獭，而存活的旱獭一年后可耐受１００亿活菌的攻击，个别可耐受７００亿活菌的攻击。实验结果对疫源地内旱獭鼠疫与人的流行病学关系及其流行病学作用具有重要意义。有助于喜马拉雅旱獭动物流行病的调查。Marmotas from epidemic and non-epidemic arears were experimentally infected with Yersinia pestis and the susceptibility, clinical manifestations, body liquid and cellular immunology sere studied. The results showed that there was no signifficant difference between both marmotas on susceptibility of sensitivity. The clinical manifestatinos were similar to that of general acute ingection disease which characterized by shout incubation period, high fever, in creased number of white blood cell and marked nuclei shift to left, swelling lymph nodes, subcutneous congestion, substantive organs' congestion and necrosis. The positive rate of serum FI antibody was 38. 4% with the highest PHA titre of 1: 1280 on the 7th day after the primary infection, and 100% on the 5th day after the second infection with the highest PHA titre of 1: 40960. Within 3 months, the MPIs were less than 10 after primary infection and less than 5 after the second infection. The E-rosete and lymphocyte transformation tests showed signifficant differences before and after infection. 1×109 living bacteria of Y. Pestis could kill all marmotas. at the primary infection, and one year survived marmotas could tolerate the chanllenge of 1×1010 living bacteria and even up to 7×1010 living bacteria in some individuals. The results above indicate an important siginifficance on dpidemiological relationship of marmotas and human plague and its epidemiological role in the natural foci, which is helpful to epidimilogy study on marmotaad Himalayana.

关 键 词：鼠疫 流行病学 免疫 喜马拉雅旱獭 宿主 

分 类 号：R516.801[医药卫生—内科学]