海南省高疟山区黎族苗族上山住宿行为特征及其与疟疾感染关系的研究  

A STUDY ON BEHAVIOURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF STAYING ON THE MOUNTAIN AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH MALARIA INFECTION IN LI AND MIAO MINORITIES IN HAINAN PROVINCE 

作　　者：吴开琛[1,2,3,4] 陈文江[1,2,3,4] 汤林华[1,2,3,4] 邓达 林明和[1,2,3,4] 蔡贤铮 潘玉蓉 顾政诚[1,2,3,4] 颜为萱 黄明珊[1,2,3,4] 祝卫东 盛慧锋[1,2,3,4] 陈雄 

机构地区：[1]中国预防医学科学院寄生虫病研究所 [2]海南省热带病防治研究所 [3]海南省万宁县卫生防疫站 [4]万宁县南桥乡卫生院

出　　处：《中国寄生虫学与寄生虫病杂志》1995年第4期233-239,共7页Chinese Journal of Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases

基　　金：WHO/TDR资助项目

摘　　要：本文采用社会学和流行病学相结合的方法，对高疟山区黎族和苗族上山种植和住宿的行为特征及其与疟疾感染的关系进行了较深入的调查研究，显示苗族村民由于上山住宿率比黎族村民高（其比为８２．１％∶２１．６％），以致原虫检出率更高（其比为２４．１％∶１１．１％），其中恶性疟感染率亦高（其比为９％∶１％）。两民族未上山住宿（ｎ＝２００）、曾上山住宿（ｎ＝２１５）和正在山上住宿（ｎ＝３８）的人群疟原虫率分别为６．５％、２７．４％和４２．１％，恶性疟原虫率分别为０．５％、８．８％和１８．４％，表明因种植而上山住宿是疟疾感染的主要来源，已成为当地疟疾传播的主要方式和控制疟疾的难题。提示今后应加强上山住宿高危人群的疟疾防治措施。A study of sociology combined with epidemiology was conducted in Li Minoritys two villages and Miao Minoritys two villages nearby the foot of mountain in a historically malaria hyperendemic area, Nanqiao Township of Wanning County in August, 1993. The results showed that malaria infection was closely correlated to the behaviour of staying overnight on the mountain of Li and Miao Minorities during farming seasons. Most of Li people stayed overnight on the mountain for planting areca were adults, accounting for 21.6% of the whole population, the duration of stay was about half a year; Miao people stayed overnight on the mountain planting and harvesting upland rice, always with their family member, so the percentage of people who had stayed on the mountain was as high as 82.1%, the duration of stay was about one and half a month. Blood smear examination showed that the malaria parasite rates in both Li and Miao villages were 11.1% and 24.1 %, respectively, the positive rate of P. falciparum was 1.0% and 9.1%, respectively, the positive rate of IFA (titer≥1∶40)was 31.2% and 46.5%, respectively. It is indicated that both the rate of parasitaemia and the P. falciparum infection were much higher in Miao Minority than those in Li Minority( P <0.001). A cohort analysis showed that the malaria parasite rate of population who having not stayed, having ever stayed and being stayed on the mountain was 6.5%, 27.4% and 42.1%, respectively, of them the rate of P. falciparum infection was 0.5%, 8.8% and 18.4%, respectively. The results suggest that malaria acquired from mountainous forest referring to “up mountain infection” is a major source of malaria infection and a significant risk factor in determining the prev

关 键 词：疟疾 社会经济因素 流行病学 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学]