不同含水量的土壤对格氏线虫扩散的影响  

EFFECT OF SOIL MOISTURE ON THE MOTION OF STEINERNEMA GLASERI[NEMATODA:STEINERNEMATIDAE]

作　　者：王庆雷[1] 崔景岳[1] 李仲秀[1] 刘春芹[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北省沧州市农林科学院

出　　处：《中国生物防治》1995年第4期150-152,共3页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

摘　　要：室内研究表明，格氏线虫在土壤中的扩散速度随土壤湿度的增大而加快，在１９％含水量的土壤内，４８小时可横向扩散４０ｃｍ以上。只要有足够的水分，即使在粘质土壤中，其扩散速度也是较快的。格氏线虫在含水量１８％的土壤中１６小时后可下潜１８ｃｍ深。在土壤表面或较湿润的植物叶面线虫也能扩散并侵染寄主，但在土壤表面的横移能力较差，４８小时仅移动１０～１５ｃｍ。在花生田内，将格氏线虫施在地表后，线虫在４８小时、９６小时和１４４小时后，分别水平扩散１０ｃｍ、２０ｃｍ和３０ｃｍ。在纵向分布上，施线虫４８小时、９６小时、１６８小时后，０～５ｃｍ深土壤内线虫占０～１５ｃｍ土层线虫总量的７７．５％、８０．９％、９０．１％。Eyperimental results indicated that when the water content of soil, was kept eve n at 19%, nematodes moved horizontally a little more than 40 cm in 48 h. With t he reduction of soil water content, nematodes′ mobility was affected. Nematode s kept in test tube moved down quickly to 18 cm for 16 h. They could move and a ttack host plant under field conditions with moistened soil surface or dew. In the field test, it was shown that the horizontal distances of motion in top soi l were 10 cm in 48 h, 20 cm in 96 h and 30 cm in 144 h. There are 77.5%, 80.9% and 90 1% nematodes found in the top soil of 0～5 cm in 48 h, 96 h and 168 h, respectively, only a small part of the nematodes moved down as deep as 15 cm.

关 键 词：格氏线虫 土壤 扩散 含水量 

分 类 号：S476.15[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]