慢性缺氧大鼠近、远端肺动脉内皮结构的变化及其意义  

Structural Changes of Extra Pulmonary Artery and Pulmonary Arterioles of Rats during Chronic Hypoxia and Their Significance

作　　者：宋为[1] 蔡英年[1] 邓希贤 龚伊红 董继红 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院,中国协和医科大学,北京基础医学研究所

出　　处：《中国医学科学院学报》1995年第3期197-203,共7页Acta Academiae Medicinae Sinicae

摘　　要：本实验旨在探讨慢性减压缺氧（５０００ｍ）进程中，不同肺动脉节段（近、远端）内皮结构的变化及其对肺动脉压的影响。结果发现：①随缺氧时间延长，近、远端肺动脉内皮皆存在由水肿变性，到代偿适应性增生的动态变化。与此相应的乙酰胆碱内皮依赖性舒张反应，亦由缺氧早期受抑到趋于回复至对照水平。提示，在上述缺氧过程中，肺动脉内皮可能存在内皮细胞衍生舒张因子（ＥＤＲＦ）由释放减少到有所恢复的动态过程，这似可视为缺氧２１～４０ｄ时肺动脉压未再明显递增的原因之一。而同期肺动脉收缩反应增强、血管壁细胞增生及微细动脉肌化等因素的存在，则是肺动脉压持续升高的原因。②肺小动脉内皮结构改变较近端肺动脉显著，提示该段血管可能对缺氧敏感性较强。The structural changes of extra pulmonary artery(PA)and pulmonary arterioles and their effects on the pulmonary arterial pressure(PAP)under chronically hypobaric hypoxia(5000m)were studied.The results showed that(1)The endothelial edema of extra PA and pulmonary arterioles gradually reduced and the endothelial proliferation took place along with the prolongation of hypoxic exposure followed by the recovery of endothelium-dependent relaxation evoked by Ach from depression.. This result suggested that the release of EDRFs from endothelium increased with the structural changes of endothelium in the course of hypoxic exposure, which may be a reason why PAP did not increase and more after 21 to 40 of days exposure. However, the strengthened contraction of PA, the proliferation of cells on the vascular wall,and the muscularity of pulmonary arterioles being related to the hypoxic endothelium may produce a negative effect on decrease of PAP, resulting in persistantly higher PAP.(2)The structural changes of pulmonary arteriole endothelium were more sewere than those of extra PA endothelium, indicating that pulmonary arterioles might be more sensitive to the stimulation of hypoxia.

关 键 词：慢性 缺氧 肺动脉内皮 肺动脉高压 血流动力学 

分 类 号：R543.202[医药卫生—心血管疾病]