'北京-纽约'极地航线空勤人员所受光子、中子有效辐射剂量测量分析  

Measurement of effective cosmic radiation dose contributed by photon and neutron for the aircrew in polar route flight from Beijing to New York

作　　者：刘蕴[1] 姚永祥[1] 周炼[1] 任天山[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国国际航空股份有限公司航卫中心,北京100621 [2]中国疾病预防控制中心辐射防护与核安全医学所,北京100088

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2010年第3期185-188,共4页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

基　　金：中国国际航空股份有限公司软科学研究和科技创新项目（2006007）

摘　　要：目的 研究极地航线空勤人员(包括飞行员和空乘人员)所受宇宙辐射剂量,以评价其是否超过国家标准,确保空勤人员健康,保障飞行安全. 方法 采用外照射全身个人剂量监测胸章剂量计,对典型极地航线(北京-纽约)空勤人员(飞行员6名、空乘人员12名)的个人辐射剂量进行测定,以地面工作场所10个监测点所测得的辐射剂量作为对照组. 结果 极地航线飞行员组的年有效剂量为5.34 mSv/a,千小时有效剂量为(3.43±0.08)mSv/1000 h,极地航线空乘人员组的年有效剂量为6.06 mSv/a,千小时有效剂量为(2.94±0.14)mSv/1000 h,地面对照组分别为0.63 mSv/a及(0.07±0.02)mSv/1000 h,3组间差异均有统计学意义. 结论 极地航线飞行空勤人员的年有效剂量均未超过国家标准规定限值(20 mSv/a),极地飞行中宇宙射线辐射不会对空勤人员身体构成额外过量剂量,基本属正常航线飞行,不必产生心理恐慌.Objective To measure the cumulative cosmic radiation dose of aircrew in polar flight and to assess whether the dose exceeds the national standard in order to ensure flight safety and their health. Methods Photoluminescence (OSL) dosimeter and CR-39 solid track detector were used to measure the cosmic radiation dose contributed by photon and neutron. The individual effective dose of pilots (6 persons) and stewards (12 persons), who were in the typical polar flight route (Beijing-New York), were measured and compared with the control group whose values were gathered from 10 monitors on ground site. Results The 1000 h effective dose from the groups of pilot and stewards was (3.43±0.08) mSv/1000 h and (2.94±0. 14) mSv/1000 h respectively comparing to (0.07±0. 02) mSv/1000 h gathered from ground sites. The statistic showed significant differences among these 3 groups. The annual effective does was then respectively summarized as 5. 34, 6.06 and 0.63 mSv/a corresponding to above groups. Conclusions The annual effective dose of aircrew's in polar flight does not exceed the limit of national standard (20 mSv/a). Such polar flight will not cause aircrew suffered from excessive cosmic radiation and it's not necessary to carry extra mental load.

关 键 词：宇宙辐射 光子 中子 辐射剂量 

分 类 号：R852.7[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学]