公路收费站污染物扩散数值模拟方法  

Numerical Simulation Method of Pollutant Dispersion at a Highway Toll Plaza

作　　者：祁志国[1] 何杰[1] 李旭宏[1] 陈一锴[1] 彭佳[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学交通学院,南京210096

出　　处：《交通运输工程与信息学报》2010年第4期54-59,共6页Journal of Transportation Engineering and Information

基　　金：东南大学优秀青年教师资助计划(20082011)

摘　　要：为了研究公路收费站区域机动车排放污染物对空气污染的影响,提出了基于计算流体力学(CFD)的数值模拟方法。该方法根据收费站的实际规模,建立全尺寸CFD三维仿真模型。以Navier-Stokes方程为基础,采用标准k-ε湍流模型,综合考虑风速、风向、气温、地形、交通量和收费模式等因素,对收费站区域内污染物扩散进行数值模拟。论文采用系统动力学方法建立交通仿真模型,模拟车辆到达、排队、缴费、离开等运行特征,可计算出不同交通量和收费模式下车辆经过收费站的平均停留时间,据此计算收费站污染物的排放源强。论文以渝黔高速公路某收费站为例,运用该数值模拟方法计算收费亭附近的CO浓度,并与实地监测数据相比较,二者吻合较好,表明该方法具有一定应用价值。A numerical simulation method based on the computation fluid dynamics(CFD) was proposed in order to investigate the effects of vehicle emissions on air quality at a toll plaza.A full size three-dimensional CFD model was established according to the real size of the toll plaza studied.This method was on the foundation of Navier-Stokes equations and the standard turbulence model was adopted.Pollutant dispersion was simulated by considering the influence factors including wind speed,wind direction,air temperature,topography,traffic volume,toll collection manner,etc.A traffic simulation model based on the system dynamics was established to calculate the average travel time of all the vehicles passing through the toll plaza.On this basis,the pollutant emission resource strength was calculated.A case study of a toll station on the Chongqing-Guizhou highway was given and the results of simulation and the field measurement fitted well.This indicated that the proposed method was valuable in practical applications.

关 键 词：公路收费站 污染物扩散 数值模拟方法 Toll Pollutant Dispersion 收费模式 计算流体力学 机动车排放污染物 渝黔高速公路 三维仿真模型 平均停留时间 交通量 交通仿真模型 系统动力学 运行特征 应用价值 湍流模型 区域 论文 空气污染 

分 类 号：U[交通运输工程]