南安市马铃薯测土配方施肥指标的研究  

Soil-testing and Formula Fertilization Index for Potato in Nan'an City

作　　者：洪彩誌 戴树荣 

机构地区：[1]福建省南安市土壤肥料技术站,福建南安362300

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2010年第9期79-83,86,共6页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：国家测土配方施肥项目(2005~2009)

摘　　要：2006～2008年在福建省南安市进行了马铃薯田间施肥'3414'多点试验,结果表明:施用N、P、K肥仍是提高马铃薯产量和增加收益的重要途径.不同施肥处理的马铃薯增产增收效果表现为NPK>N>K>P,单位肥料增产效果和收益表现为N>P>K,投产比表现为N>P>K.土壤肥力高低对马铃薯施肥效果有较大的影响.南安市马铃薯田间土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量低级的指标分别为＜100、＜19.6、＜36 mg/kg,中级的指标分别为65～120、14.8～52.6、36～133 mg/kg,高级的指标分别为＞120、＞52.6、＞133 mg/kg.马铃薯的推荐施肥量随土壤碱解氮、有效磷、速效钾含量的升高而降低,马铃薯获得最高产量的全市平均施N量为(195.33±22.67)kg/hm2,N∶P2O5∶K2O为1∶0.36∶1.19;最佳经济施肥量为:N (192.60±20.26)kg/hm2、P2O5 (66.06±13.23)kg/hm2、K2O (210.13±57.28)kg/hm2.The '3414' multi-point tests of fertilization in potato field were conducted in Nan'an city,Fujian province during 2006~2008.The results showed that the application of N,P and K fertilizer was still an important way to increase the yield and income of the local potato production at present.The yield-increasing and income-increasing effects of different fertilization treatments had the following trend: NPK>N>K>P,those per unit fertilizer revealed N>P>K,and the ratio of output to input showed N>P>K.Soil fertility had great influence on the fertilization effect in potato field.For the potato fields in Nan'an city,the low-grade standard of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium content in the soil was <100,<19.6 and <36 mg/kg respectively;their middle-grade standard was 65～120,14.8～52.6 and 36～133 mg/kg respectively;their high-grade standard was >120,>52.6 and >133 mg/kg separately.The recommended application rate of fertilizer for potato reduced along with the increase of the content of alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen,available phosphorus and available potassium in the soil.The average application rate of nitrogen fertilizer for the highest potato yield in Nan'an city was(195.33±22.67)kg/hm2,and N∶P2O5∶K2O was 1∶0.36∶1.19.The average application rate of N,P2O5 and K2O fertilizer for the highest potato income was 192.60±20.26,66.06±13.23,210.13±57.28 kg/hm2 respectively.

关 键 词：南安市 马铃薯产量 测土配方 施肥指标 Nan 土壤碱解氮 速效钾含量 有效磷 不同施肥处理 推荐施肥量 经济施肥量 增产增收 增产效果 田间施肥 收益表 施肥效果 多点试验 投产比 高产量 福建省 

分 类 号：S[农业科学]