化肥减量条件下不同施用方法对土壤养分有效性及水稻产量的影响  

Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Availability of Soil Nutrient and Rice Yield under Reducing Application Rate of Mineral Fertilizer

作　　者：谢志坚[1] 徐昌旭[1] 许政良[2] 李水荣[2] 苏全平[1] 秦文婧[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西省农业科学院土壤肥料与资源环境研究所,江西南昌330200 [2]江西省丰城市农业技术推广中心,江西丰城331100

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2010年第10期10-12,共3页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：农业部公益性行业(农业)科研专项"赣浙地区绿肥作物生产与利用技术集成研究及示范"(200803029)

摘　　要：大田试验条件下,采用裂区试验研究了翻压紫云英后化肥减量施用条件下不同施肥方法对土壤养分有效性及水稻产量的影响。结果表明:翻压紫云英22500kg/hm2后,配施80%化肥,底肥:分蘖肥:穗肥=5:5:0,与习惯施肥方法相比,早稻和晚稻收获后土壤中有效氮分别平均增加5.6%和9.8%;而底肥:分蘖肥:穗肥=3:4:3更有利于提高有效K含量,分别平均增加8.9%和13.2%;配施60%化肥,按底肥:分蘖肥:穗肥=5:5:0施肥显著增加早稻收获后土壤中有效K含量,增幅为27.1%;肥料全部用作分蘖肥时降低晚稻或早稻收获后土壤有效N、K含量;配施60%～80%化肥,早稻和晚稻产量均以施肥方法底肥:分蘖肥:穗肥=0:7:3最佳。A field experiment was carried out to study the effects of different fertilization methods on the availability of soil nutrient and rice yield under the condition of reducing the application rate of mineral fertilizer.The results showed that under the condition of the combined application of 80% chemical fertilizer and 22500 kg/hm2 green manure(Astragalus sinicus),in comparison with the customary fertilization method,the fertilization method which basal fertilizer:tillering stage dressing:panicle fertilizer was 5:5:0 could increase the content of available N in the soil after the harvest of early rice and late rice by 5.6% and 9.8% respectively;the fertilization method which basal fertilizer:tillering stage dressing:panicle fertilizer was 3:4:3 could obviously increase the content of available K in the soil after the harvest of early rice and late rice by 8.9% and 13.2% respectively.Under the condition of the combined application of 60% chemical fertilizer and 22500 kg/hm2 green manure,the fertilization method which basal fertilizer:tillering stage dressing:panicle fertilizer was 5:5:0 could significantly increase the content of available K in the soil after the harvest of early rice by 27.1% as compared with the customary fertilization method;when basal fertilizer:tillering stage dressing:panicle fertilizer was 0:10:0,the content of available N and K in the soil after the harvest of early rice or late rice was decreased.Under the condition of the combined application of 60%-80% chemical fertilizer and 22500 kg/hm2 green manure,the yield of both early rice and late rice was the highest when basal fertilizer:tillering stage dressing:panicle fertilizer was 0:7:3.

关 键 词：化肥减量 试验条件 施用方法 土壤养分有效性 水稻产量 Mineral Application Rice Yield Soil Nutrient 施肥方法 蘖肥 早稻 穗肥 底肥 紫云英 晚稻产量 收获 含量 土壤有效 试验研究 

分 类 号：S[农业科学]