棉花机采品种理想株型模式研究  

Study on Ideal Plant Type of Cotton Cultivar for Mechanical Cultivation and Harvest

作　　者：肖松华[1] 吴巧娟[1] 刘剑光[1] 陈旭升[1] 许乃银[1] 狄佳春[1] 马晓杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院经济作物研究所,江苏南京210014

出　　处：《江西农业学报》2010年第8期1-4,8,共5页Acta Agriculturae Jiangxi

基　　金：江苏省农业科学院科研基金(6110813)

摘　　要：对7个抗虫矮秆品系和抗虫高秆品种泗抗1号在麦(油)后直播条件下群体叶面积系数、光合特性、株型结构、纤维品质和产量性状进行测定,结果表明:抗虫矮秆品系从现蕾至吐絮盛期,叶面积系数和光合作用强度均明显超过泗抗1号;抗虫矮秆品系DR003、DR013、DR021、DR023和DR024纤维长度、比强度和马克隆值3个主要纤维品质指标达到棉花机械采收对品种纤维品质的要求,DR013、DR021、DR023和DR024 4个品系皮棉产量1737.6～2024.25 kg/hm2。根据抗虫矮秆品系群体叶面积消长动态、光合作用强度动态变化、纤维品质与产量性状表现,提出长江中下游棉区棉花机采品种理想株型结构模式:自然株高75 cm左右,果枝始节8节以上,第1果枝离地面高度20 cm以上,下部果枝节间平均长度(8.7±0.8)cm,中部果枝节间平均长度(6.0±0.6)cm,上部果枝节间长度(5.5±0.3)cm。The leaf area index(LAI) of population,photosynthesis intensity,structure of plant type,fiber quality and lint yield of 7 cotton varieties with dwarf stem and bollworm-resistance and conventional bollworm-resistant cotton cultivar Sikang No.1 which were directly sown after barley or rape harvest were identified from 2008 to 2009 in Nanjing.The results indicated that LAI and photosynthesis intensity of dwarf lines with bollworm-resistance remarkably surpassed those of Sikang No.1 from budding to spitting summit;the fiber length,strength and micronaire value of dwarf lines DR003,DR013,DR021,DR023 and DR024 reached the fiber quality requirement of mechanical harvest.Four varieties with dwarf stem and bollworm-resistance including DR013,DR021,DR023 and DR024 yielded lint 1737.6～2024.25 kg/hm2.Based on above results,the ideal plant type of cotton cultivar for mechanical cultivation and harvest in middle reaches and lower reaches of the Yangtze River was raised as follows: natural plant height is about 75 cm,the first node of fruit branch is above 8,the height of the first fruit branch depart from the ground is over 20 cm,the average internode length of lower,middle and upper fruit branches is 8.7 cm ± 0.8 cm,6.0 cm ± 0.6 cm and 5.5 cm ± 0.3 cm respectively.

关 键 词：棉花 品种 理想株型 模式研究 Type of Ideal 纤维品质 叶面积系数 群体叶面积 品系 抗虫 果枝 作用强度 株型结构 平均长度 产量性状 矮秆 节间 光合 长江中下游 

分 类 号：S[农业科学]